feat: add quota project to base credentials class (#546)

diff --git a/tests/compute_engine/test_credentials.py b/tests/compute_engine/test_credentials.py
index 363dc9d..4ee6536 100644
--- a/tests/compute_engine/test_credentials.py
+++ b/tests/compute_engine/test_credentials.py
@@ -59,6 +59,8 @@
         assert not self.credentials.requires_scopes
         # Service account email hasn't been populated
         assert self.credentials.service_account_email == "default"
+        # No quota project
+        assert not self.credentials._quota_project_id
 
     @mock.patch(
         "google.auth._helpers.utcnow",
@@ -131,6 +133,11 @@
         # Credentials should now be valid.
         assert self.credentials.valid
 
+    def test_with_quota_project(self):
+        quota_project_creds = self.credentials.with_quota_project("project-foo")
+
+        assert quota_project_creds._quota_project_id == "project-foo"
+
 
 class TestIDTokenCredentials(object):
     credentials = None
@@ -154,6 +161,8 @@
         # Signer is initialized
         assert self.credentials.signer
         assert self.credentials.signer_email == "[email protected]"
+        # No quota project
+        assert not self.credentials._quota_project_id
 
     @mock.patch(
         "google.auth._helpers.utcnow",
@@ -394,6 +403,121 @@
     )
     @mock.patch("google.auth.compute_engine._metadata.get", autospec=True)
     @mock.patch("google.auth.iam.Signer.sign", autospec=True)
+    def test_with_quota_project(self, sign, get, utcnow):
+        get.side_effect = [
+            {"email": "[email protected]", "scopes": ["one", "two"]}
+        ]
+        sign.side_effect = [b"signature"]
+
+        request = mock.create_autospec(transport.Request, instance=True)
+        self.credentials = credentials.IDTokenCredentials(
+            request=request, target_audience="https://audience.com"
+        )
+        self.credentials = self.credentials.with_quota_project("project-foo")
+
+        assert self.credentials._quota_project_id == "project-foo"
+
+        # Generate authorization grant:
+        token = self.credentials._make_authorization_grant_assertion()
+        payload = jwt.decode(token, verify=False)
+
+        # The JWT token signature is 'signature' encoded in base 64:
+        assert token.endswith(b".c2lnbmF0dXJl")
+
+        # Check that the credentials have the token and proper expiration
+        assert payload == {
+            "aud": "https://www.googleapis.com/oauth2/v4/token",
+            "exp": 3600,
+            "iat": 0,
+            "iss": "[email protected]",
+            "target_audience": "https://audience.com",
+        }
+
+        # Check that the signer have been initialized with a Request object
+        assert isinstance(self.credentials._signer._request, transport.Request)
+
+    @responses.activate
+    def test_with_quota_project_integration(self):
+        """ Test that it is possible to refresh credentials
+        generated from `with_quota_project`.
+
+        Instead of mocking the methods, the HTTP responses
+        have been mocked.
+        """
+
+        # mock information about credentials
+        responses.add(
+            responses.GET,
+            "http://metadata.google.internal/computeMetadata/v1/instance/"
+            "service-accounts/default/?recursive=true",
+            status=200,
+            content_type="application/json",
+            json={
+                "scopes": "email",
+                "email": "[email protected]",
+                "aliases": ["default"],
+            },
+        )
+
+        # mock token for credentials
+        responses.add(
+            responses.GET,
+            "http://metadata.google.internal/computeMetadata/v1/instance/"
+            "service-accounts/[email protected]/token",
+            status=200,
+            content_type="application/json",
+            json={
+                "access_token": "some-token",
+                "expires_in": 3210,
+                "token_type": "Bearer",
+            },
+        )
+
+        # mock sign blob endpoint
+        signature = base64.b64encode(b"some-signature").decode("utf-8")
+        responses.add(
+            responses.POST,
+            "https://iamcredentials.googleapis.com/v1/projects/-/"
+            "serviceAccounts/[email protected]:signBlob?alt=json",
+            status=200,
+            content_type="application/json",
+            json={"keyId": "some-key-id", "signedBlob": signature},
+        )
+
+        id_token = "{}.{}.{}".format(
+            base64.b64encode(b'{"some":"some"}').decode("utf-8"),
+            base64.b64encode(b'{"exp": 3210}').decode("utf-8"),
+            base64.b64encode(b"token").decode("utf-8"),
+        )
+
+        # mock id token endpoint
+        responses.add(
+            responses.POST,
+            "https://www.googleapis.com/oauth2/v4/token",
+            status=200,
+            content_type="application/json",
+            json={"id_token": id_token, "expiry": 3210},
+        )
+
+        self.credentials = credentials.IDTokenCredentials(
+            request=requests.Request(),
+            service_account_email="[email protected]",
+            target_audience="https://audience.com",
+        )
+
+        self.credentials = self.credentials.with_quota_project("project-foo")
+
+        self.credentials.refresh(requests.Request())
+
+        assert self.credentials.token is not None
+        assert self.credentials._quota_project_id == "project-foo"
+
+    @mock.patch(
+        "google.auth._helpers.utcnow",
+        return_value=datetime.datetime.utcfromtimestamp(0),
+    )
+    @mock.patch("google.auth.compute_engine._metadata.get", autospec=True)
+    @mock.patch("google.auth.iam.Signer.sign", autospec=True)
     @mock.patch("google.oauth2._client.id_token_jwt_grant", autospec=True)
     def test_refresh_success(self, id_token_jwt_grant, sign, get, utcnow):
         get.side_effect = [
@@ -551,6 +675,23 @@
     @mock.patch(
         "google.auth.compute_engine._metadata.get_service_account_info", autospec=True
     )
+    def test_id_token_with_quota_project(self, get_service_account_info):
+        get_service_account_info.return_value = {"email": "[email protected]"}
+
+        cred = credentials.IDTokenCredentials(
+            mock.Mock(), "audience", use_metadata_identity_endpoint=True
+        )
+        cred = cred.with_quota_project("project-foo")
+
+        assert cred._quota_project_id == "project-foo"
+        assert cred._use_metadata_identity_endpoint
+        assert cred._signer is None
+        assert cred._token_uri is None
+        assert cred._service_account_email == "[email protected]"
+
+    @mock.patch(
+        "google.auth.compute_engine._metadata.get_service_account_info", autospec=True
+    )
     @mock.patch("google.auth.compute_engine._metadata.get", autospec=True)
     def test_invalid_id_token_from_metadata(self, get, get_service_account_info):
         get.return_value = "invalid_id_token"
diff --git a/tests/oauth2/test_credentials.py b/tests/oauth2/test_credentials.py
index 78b1012..69d9fbc 100644
--- a/tests/oauth2/test_credentials.py
+++ b/tests/oauth2/test_credentials.py
@@ -454,6 +454,13 @@
         cred.refresh(None)
         assert cred.token == "access_token"
 
+    def test_with_quota_project(self):
+        cred = credentials.UserAccessTokenCredentials()
+        quota_project_cred = cred.with_quota_project("project-foo")
+
+        assert quota_project_cred._quota_project_id == "project-foo"
+        assert quota_project_cred._account == cred._account
+
     @mock.patch(
         "google.oauth2.credentials.UserAccessTokenCredentials.apply", autospec=True
     )
diff --git a/tests/oauth2/test_service_account.py b/tests/oauth2/test_service_account.py
index 457d472..7f27dad 100644
--- a/tests/oauth2/test_service_account.py
+++ b/tests/oauth2/test_service_account.py
@@ -291,6 +291,11 @@
         new_credentials = credentials.with_target_audience("https://new.example.com")
         assert new_credentials._target_audience == "https://new.example.com"
 
+    def test_with_quota_project(self):
+        credentials = self.make_credentials()
+        new_credentials = credentials.with_quota_project("project-foo")
+        assert new_credentials._quota_project_id == "project-foo"
+
     def test__make_authorization_grant_assertion(self):
         credentials = self.make_credentials()
         token = credentials._make_authorization_grant_assertion()
diff --git a/tests/test__default.py b/tests/test__default.py
index 3c87b35..0665efa 100644
--- a/tests/test__default.py
+++ b/tests/test__default.py
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@
 from google.auth import _default
 from google.auth import app_engine
 from google.auth import compute_engine
+from google.auth import credentials
 from google.auth import environment_vars
 from google.auth import exceptions
 from google.oauth2 import service_account
@@ -48,9 +49,12 @@
 with open(SERVICE_ACCOUNT_FILE) as fh:
     SERVICE_ACCOUNT_FILE_DATA = json.load(fh)
 
+MOCK_CREDENTIALS = mock.Mock(spec=credentials.Credentials)
+MOCK_CREDENTIALS.with_quota_project.return_value = MOCK_CREDENTIALS
+
 LOAD_FILE_PATCH = mock.patch(
     "google.auth._default.load_credentials_from_file",
-    return_value=(mock.sentinel.credentials, mock.sentinel.project_id),
+    return_value=(MOCK_CREDENTIALS, mock.sentinel.project_id),
     autospec=True,
 )
 
@@ -136,6 +140,16 @@
     assert credentials.scopes == ["https://www.google.com/calendar/feeds"]
 
 
+def test_load_credentials_from_file_authorized_user_cloud_sdk_with_quota_project():
+    credentials, project_id = _default.load_credentials_from_file(
+        AUTHORIZED_USER_CLOUD_SDK_FILE, quota_project_id="project-foo"
+    )
+
+    assert isinstance(credentials, google.oauth2.credentials.Credentials)
+    assert project_id is None
+    assert credentials.quota_project_id == "project-foo"
+
+
 def test_load_credentials_from_file_service_account():
     credentials, project_id = _default.load_credentials_from_file(SERVICE_ACCOUNT_FILE)
     assert isinstance(credentials, service_account.Credentials)
@@ -173,19 +187,19 @@
 
     credentials, project_id = _default._get_explicit_environ_credentials()
 
-    assert credentials is mock.sentinel.credentials
+    assert credentials is MOCK_CREDENTIALS
     assert project_id is mock.sentinel.project_id
     load.assert_called_with("filename")
 
 
 @LOAD_FILE_PATCH
 def test__get_explicit_environ_credentials_no_project_id(load, monkeypatch):
-    load.return_value = mock.sentinel.credentials, None
+    load.return_value = MOCK_CREDENTIALS, None
     monkeypatch.setenv(environment_vars.CREDENTIALS, "filename")
 
     credentials, project_id = _default._get_explicit_environ_credentials()
 
-    assert credentials is mock.sentinel.credentials
+    assert credentials is MOCK_CREDENTIALS
     assert project_id is None
 
 
@@ -198,7 +212,7 @@
 
     credentials, project_id = _default._get_gcloud_sdk_credentials()
 
-    assert credentials is mock.sentinel.credentials
+    assert credentials is MOCK_CREDENTIALS
     assert project_id is mock.sentinel.project_id
     load.assert_called_with(SERVICE_ACCOUNT_FILE)
 
@@ -226,11 +240,11 @@
 def test__get_gcloud_sdk_credentials_project_id(load, unused_isfile, get_project_id):
     # Don't return a project ID from load file, make the function check
     # the Cloud SDK project.
-    load.return_value = mock.sentinel.credentials, None
+    load.return_value = MOCK_CREDENTIALS, None
 
     credentials, project_id = _default._get_gcloud_sdk_credentials()
 
-    assert credentials == mock.sentinel.credentials
+    assert credentials == MOCK_CREDENTIALS
     assert project_id == mock.sentinel.project_id
     assert get_project_id.called
 
@@ -241,11 +255,11 @@
 def test__get_gcloud_sdk_credentials_no_project_id(load, unused_isfile, get_project_id):
     # Don't return a project ID from load file, make the function check
     # the Cloud SDK project.
-    load.return_value = mock.sentinel.credentials, None
+    load.return_value = MOCK_CREDENTIALS, None
 
     credentials, project_id = _default._get_gcloud_sdk_credentials()
 
-    assert credentials == mock.sentinel.credentials
+    assert credentials == MOCK_CREDENTIALS
     assert project_id is None
     assert get_project_id.called
 
@@ -351,58 +365,58 @@
 
 @mock.patch(
     "google.auth._default._get_explicit_environ_credentials",
-    return_value=(mock.sentinel.credentials, mock.sentinel.project_id),
+    return_value=(MOCK_CREDENTIALS, mock.sentinel.project_id),
     autospec=True,
 )
 def test_default_early_out(unused_get):
-    assert _default.default() == (mock.sentinel.credentials, mock.sentinel.project_id)
+    assert _default.default() == (MOCK_CREDENTIALS, mock.sentinel.project_id)
 
 
 @mock.patch(
     "google.auth._default._get_explicit_environ_credentials",
-    return_value=(mock.sentinel.credentials, mock.sentinel.project_id),
+    return_value=(MOCK_CREDENTIALS, mock.sentinel.project_id),
     autospec=True,
 )
 def test_default_explict_project_id(unused_get, monkeypatch):
     monkeypatch.setenv(environment_vars.PROJECT, "explicit-env")
-    assert _default.default() == (mock.sentinel.credentials, "explicit-env")
+    assert _default.default() == (MOCK_CREDENTIALS, "explicit-env")
 
 
 @mock.patch(
     "google.auth._default._get_explicit_environ_credentials",
-    return_value=(mock.sentinel.credentials, mock.sentinel.project_id),
+    return_value=(MOCK_CREDENTIALS, mock.sentinel.project_id),
     autospec=True,
 )
 def test_default_explict_legacy_project_id(unused_get, monkeypatch):
     monkeypatch.setenv(environment_vars.LEGACY_PROJECT, "explicit-env")
-    assert _default.default() == (mock.sentinel.credentials, "explicit-env")
+    assert _default.default() == (MOCK_CREDENTIALS, "explicit-env")
 
 
 @mock.patch("logging.Logger.warning", autospec=True)
 @mock.patch(
     "google.auth._default._get_explicit_environ_credentials",
-    return_value=(mock.sentinel.credentials, None),
+    return_value=(MOCK_CREDENTIALS, None),
     autospec=True,
 )
 @mock.patch(
     "google.auth._default._get_gcloud_sdk_credentials",
-    return_value=(mock.sentinel.credentials, None),
+    return_value=(MOCK_CREDENTIALS, None),
     autospec=True,
 )
 @mock.patch(
     "google.auth._default._get_gae_credentials",
-    return_value=(mock.sentinel.credentials, None),
+    return_value=(MOCK_CREDENTIALS, None),
     autospec=True,
 )
 @mock.patch(
     "google.auth._default._get_gce_credentials",
-    return_value=(mock.sentinel.credentials, None),
+    return_value=(MOCK_CREDENTIALS, None),
     autospec=True,
 )
 def test_default_without_project_id(
     unused_gce, unused_gae, unused_sdk, unused_explicit, logger_warning
 ):
-    assert _default.default() == (mock.sentinel.credentials, None)
+    assert _default.default() == (MOCK_CREDENTIALS, None)
     logger_warning.assert_called_with(mock.ANY, mock.ANY, mock.ANY)
 
 
@@ -433,10 +447,14 @@
 
 @mock.patch(
     "google.auth._default._get_explicit_environ_credentials",
-    return_value=(mock.sentinel.credentials, mock.sentinel.project_id),
+    return_value=(MOCK_CREDENTIALS, mock.sentinel.project_id),
     autospec=True,
 )
[email protected]("google.auth.credentials.with_scopes_if_required", autospec=True)
[email protected](
+    "google.auth.credentials.with_scopes_if_required",
+    return_value=MOCK_CREDENTIALS,
+    autospec=True,
+)
 def test_default_scoped(with_scopes, unused_get):
     scopes = ["one", "two"]
 
@@ -444,12 +462,12 @@
 
     assert credentials == with_scopes.return_value
     assert project_id == mock.sentinel.project_id
-    with_scopes.assert_called_once_with(mock.sentinel.credentials, scopes)
+    with_scopes.assert_called_once_with(MOCK_CREDENTIALS, scopes)
 
 
 @mock.patch(
     "google.auth._default._get_explicit_environ_credentials",
-    return_value=(mock.sentinel.credentials, mock.sentinel.project_id),
+    return_value=(MOCK_CREDENTIALS, mock.sentinel.project_id),
     autospec=True,
 )
 def test_default_no_app_engine_compute_engine_module(unused_get):
@@ -463,7 +481,4 @@
     with mock.patch.dict("sys.modules"):
         sys.modules["google.auth.compute_engine"] = None
         sys.modules["google.auth.app_engine"] = None
-        assert _default.default() == (
-            mock.sentinel.credentials,
-            mock.sentinel.project_id,
-        )
+        assert _default.default() == (MOCK_CREDENTIALS, mock.sentinel.project_id)
diff --git a/tests/test_app_engine.py b/tests/test_app_engine.py
index 9dfdfa6..846d314 100644
--- a/tests/test_app_engine.py
+++ b/tests/test_app_engine.py
@@ -102,6 +102,7 @@
         # Scopes are required
         assert not credentials.scopes
         assert credentials.requires_scopes
+        assert not credentials.quota_project_id
 
     def test_with_scopes(self, app_identity):
         credentials = app_engine.Credentials()
@@ -114,6 +115,16 @@
         assert scoped_credentials.has_scopes(["email"])
         assert not scoped_credentials.requires_scopes
 
+    def test_with_quota_project(self, app_identity):
+        credentials = app_engine.Credentials()
+
+        assert not credentials.scopes
+        assert not credentials.quota_project_id
+
+        quota_project_creds = credentials.with_quota_project("project-foo")
+
+        assert quota_project_creds.quota_project_id == "project-foo"
+
     def test_service_account_email_implicit(self, app_identity):
         app_identity.get_service_account_name.return_value = (
             mock.sentinel.service_account_email
diff --git a/tests/test_credentials.py b/tests/test_credentials.py
index 16ddd9b..2023fac 100644
--- a/tests/test_credentials.py
+++ b/tests/test_credentials.py
@@ -24,6 +24,9 @@
     def refresh(self, request):
         self.token = request
 
+    def with_quota_project(self, quota_project_id):
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
 
 def test_credentials_constructor():
     credentials = CredentialsImpl()
@@ -112,6 +115,12 @@
     assert headers == {}
 
 
+def test_anonymous_credentials_with_quota_project():
+    with pytest.raises(ValueError):
+        anon = credentials.AnonymousCredentials()
+        anon.with_quota_project("project-foo")
+
+
 class ReadOnlyScopedCredentialsImpl(credentials.ReadOnlyScoped, CredentialsImpl):
     @property
     def requires_scopes(self):
diff --git a/tests/test_iam.py b/tests/test_iam.py
index ea7d08a..e20eeba 100644
--- a/tests/test_iam.py
+++ b/tests/test_iam.py
@@ -50,6 +50,9 @@
         def refresh(self, request):
             pass
 
+        def with_quota_project(self, quota_project_id):
+            raise NotImplementedError()
+
     return CredentialsImpl()
 
 
diff --git a/tests/test_impersonated_credentials.py b/tests/test_impersonated_credentials.py
index e0b5b11..46850a0 100644
--- a/tests/test_impersonated_credentials.py
+++ b/tests/test_impersonated_credentials.py
@@ -311,6 +311,12 @@
         signature = credentials.sign_bytes(b"signed bytes")
         assert signature == b"signature"
 
+    def test_with_quota_project(self):
+        credentials = self.make_credentials()
+
+        quota_project_creds = credentials.with_quota_project("project-foo")
+        assert quota_project_creds._quota_project_id == "project-foo"
+
     def test_id_token_success(
         self, mock_donor_credentials, mock_authorizedsession_idtoken
     ):
@@ -435,3 +441,32 @@
         id_creds.refresh(request)
 
         assert id_creds.token == ID_TOKEN_DATA
+
+    def test_id_token_with_quota_project(
+        self, mock_donor_credentials, mock_authorizedsession_idtoken
+    ):
+        credentials = self.make_credentials(lifetime=None)
+        token = "token"
+        target_audience = "https://foo.bar"
+
+        expire_time = (
+            _helpers.utcnow().replace(microsecond=0) + datetime.timedelta(seconds=500)
+        ).isoformat("T") + "Z"
+        response_body = {"accessToken": token, "expireTime": expire_time}
+
+        request = self.make_request(
+            data=json.dumps(response_body), status=http_client.OK
+        )
+
+        credentials.refresh(request)
+
+        assert credentials.valid
+        assert not credentials.expired
+
+        id_creds = impersonated_credentials.IDTokenCredentials(
+            credentials, target_audience=target_audience
+        )
+        id_creds = id_creds.with_quota_project("project-foo")
+        id_creds.refresh(request)
+
+        assert id_creds.quota_project_id == "project-foo"
diff --git a/tests/test_jwt.py b/tests/test_jwt.py
index 488aee4..7aa031e 100644
--- a/tests/test_jwt.py
+++ b/tests/test_jwt.py
@@ -363,6 +363,18 @@
         assert new_credentials._subject == self.credentials._subject
         assert new_credentials._audience == new_audience
         assert new_credentials._additional_claims == self.credentials._additional_claims
+        assert new_credentials._quota_project_id == self.credentials._quota_project_id
+
+    def test_with_quota_project(self):
+        quota_project_id = "project-foo"
+
+        new_credentials = self.credentials.with_quota_project(quota_project_id)
+        assert new_credentials._signer == self.credentials._signer
+        assert new_credentials._issuer == self.credentials._issuer
+        assert new_credentials._subject == self.credentials._subject
+        assert new_credentials._audience == self.credentials._audience
+        assert new_credentials._additional_claims == self.credentials._additional_claims
+        assert new_credentials._quota_project_id == quota_project_id
 
     def test_sign_bytes(self):
         to_sign = b"123"
@@ -507,6 +519,16 @@
         assert new_credentials._subject == self.credentials._subject
         assert new_credentials._additional_claims == new_claims
 
+    def test_with_quota_project(self):
+        quota_project_id = "project-foo"
+        new_credentials = self.credentials.with_quota_project(quota_project_id)
+
+        assert new_credentials._signer == self.credentials._signer
+        assert new_credentials._issuer == self.credentials._issuer
+        assert new_credentials._subject == self.credentials._subject
+        assert new_credentials._additional_claims == self.credentials._additional_claims
+        assert new_credentials._quota_project_id == quota_project_id
+
     def test_sign_bytes(self):
         to_sign = b"123"
         signature = self.credentials.sign_bytes(to_sign)
diff --git a/tests/transport/test_grpc.py b/tests/transport/test_grpc.py
index c3da76d..ef2e2e2 100644
--- a/tests/transport/test_grpc.py
+++ b/tests/transport/test_grpc.py
@@ -52,6 +52,9 @@
     def refresh(self, request):
         self.token += "1"
 
+    def with_quota_project(self, quota_project_id):
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
 
 class TestAuthMetadataPlugin(object):
     def test_call_no_refresh(self):
diff --git a/tests/transport/test_requests.py b/tests/transport/test_requests.py
index 77e1527..7ac55ce 100644
--- a/tests/transport/test_requests.py
+++ b/tests/transport/test_requests.py
@@ -109,6 +109,9 @@
     def refresh(self, request):
         self.token += "1"
 
+    def with_quota_project(self, quota_project_id):
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
 
 class TimeTickCredentialsStub(CredentialsStub):
     """Credentials that spend some (mocked) time when refreshing a token."""
diff --git a/tests/transport/test_urllib3.py b/tests/transport/test_urllib3.py
index 1a1c0a1..3158b92 100644
--- a/tests/transport/test_urllib3.py
+++ b/tests/transport/test_urllib3.py
@@ -65,6 +65,9 @@
     def refresh(self, request):
         self.token += "1"
 
+    def with_quota_project(self, quota_project_id):
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
 
 class HttpStub(object):
     def __init__(self, responses, headers=None):