| % -*- LaTeX -*- | 
 | %%% ==================================================================== | 
 | %%%  @LaTeX-style-file{ | 
 | %%%     author          = "Glenn Paulley", | 
 | %%%     version         = "4", | 
 | %%%     date            = "31 August 1992", | 
 | %%%     time            = "09:42:44 199", | 
 | %%%     filename        = "chicago.sty", | 
 | %%%     address         = "Data Structuring Group | 
 | %%%                        Department of Computer Science | 
 | %%%                        University of Waterloo | 
 | %%%                        Waterloo, Ontario, Canada | 
 | %%%                        N2L 3G1", | 
 | %%%     telephone       = "(519) 885-1211", | 
 | %%%     FAX             = "(519) 885-1208", | 
 | %%%     checksum        = "44674 264 1050 10394", | 
 | %%%     email           = "[email protected]", | 
 | %%%     codetable       = "ISO/ASCII", | 
 | %%%     keywords        = "", | 
 | %%%     supported       = "yes", | 
 | %%%     abstract        = "Contains the LaTeX style command definitions | 
 | %%%                        for the Chicago BibTeX styles chicago.bst and | 
 | %%%                        chicagoa.bst. For details, see below.", | 
 | %%%     docstring       = "The checksum field above contains a CRC-16 | 
 | %%%                        checksum as the first value, followed by the | 
 | %%%                        equivalent of the standard UNIX wc (word | 
 | %%%                        count) utility output of lines, words, and | 
 | %%%                        characters.  This is produced by Robert | 
 | %%%                        Solovay's checksum utility.", | 
 | %%%  } | 
 | %%% ==================================================================== | 
 | % | 
 | % chicago.sty: Style file for use with bibtex style chicago.bst, for | 
 | % bibliographies formatted according to the 13th Edition of the Chicago | 
 | % Manual of Style. | 
 | % | 
 | % 'newapa.bst' was made from 'plain.bst', 'named.bst', and 'apalike.bst', | 
 | % with lots of tweaking to make it look like APA style, along with tips | 
 | % from Young Ryu and Brian Reiser's modifications of 'apalike.bst'. | 
 | % newapa.sty formed the basis of this style, chicago.sty. Author-date | 
 | % references in newapa.bst formed the basis for chicago.bst. Chicagoa.bst | 
 | % supports annotations. | 
 | % | 
 | % Version 4 (August, 1992): | 
 | % - fixed chicago.bst and chicagoa.bst to handle long author lists in | 
 | %   sorting | 
 | % - fixed chicago.bst and chicagoa.bst so that missing page numbers in | 
 | %   ``article'' entries are handled correctly | 
 | % - modified chicago.sty to format entries with 2nd and subsequent lines | 
 | %   indented. | 
 | % | 
 | %   Citation format: (author-last-name year) | 
 | %             (author-last-name and author-last-name year) | 
 | %             (author-last-name et al. year) | 
 | %             (author-last-name) | 
 | %             author-last-name | 
 | %             author-last-name (year) | 
 | %             (author-last-name and author-last-name) | 
 | %             (author-last-name et al.) | 
 | %             (year) or (year,year) | 
 | %             year or year,year | 
 | % | 
 | %   Reference list ordering: alphabetical by author or whatever passes | 
 | %    for author in the absence of one. | 
 | % | 
 | % This BibTeX style has support for abbreviated author lists and for | 
 | %    year-only citations.  This is done by having the citations | 
 | %    actually look like | 
 | % | 
 | %    \citeauthoryear{full-author-info}{abbrev-author-info}{year} | 
 | % | 
 | % The LaTeX style has to have the following (or similar) | 
 | % | 
 | %     \let\@internalcite\cite | 
 | %     \def\fullcite{\def\citeauthoryear##1##2##3{##1, ##3}\@internalcite} | 
 | %     \def\fullciteA{\def\citeauthoryear##1##2##3{##1}\@internalcite} | 
 | %     \def\shortcite{\def\citeauthoryear##1##2##3{##2, ##3}\@internalcite} | 
 | %     \def\shortciteA{\def\citeauthoryear##1##2##3{##2}\@internalcite} | 
 | %     \def\citeyear{\def\citeauthoryear##1##2##3{##3}\@internalcite} | 
 | % | 
 | % ------------------------------------------------------------------------- | 
 | % This file implements citations for the ``chicago'' bibliography style. | 
 | %  Place it in a file called chicago.sty in the TeX search path. | 
 | %(Placing it in the same directory as the LaTeX document should also work.) | 
 | % | 
 | %    This file is a modification of the ``newapa'' LaTeX style, | 
 | %    originally adapted by Steven Spencer from the ``apalike'' LaTeX style. | 
 | %    It was originally modified by Stephen N. Spencer, with further | 
 | %    modifications by Young U. Ryu. | 
 | % | 
 | % The ``chicago'' BibTeX bibliography style creates citations with labels: | 
 | %       \citeauthoryear{author-info}{abbrev. author-info}{year} | 
 | % | 
 | % These labels are processed by the following LaTeX commands: | 
 | % | 
 | %  \cite{key} | 
 | %    which produces citations with full author list and year. | 
 | %    eg. (Brown 1978; Jarke, Turner, Stohl, et al. 1985) | 
 | %  \citeNP{key} | 
 | %    which produces citations with full author list and year, but without | 
 | %    enclosing parentheses: | 
 | %    eg. Brown 1978; Jarke, Turner and Stohl 1985 | 
 | %  \citeA{key} | 
 | %    which produces citations with only the full author list. | 
 | %    eg. (Brown; Jarke, Turner and Stohl) | 
 | %  \citeANP{key} | 
 | %    which produces citations with only the full author list, without | 
 | %    parentheses eg. Brown; Jarke, Turner and Stohl | 
 | %  \citeN{key} | 
 | %    which produces citations with the full author list and year, but | 
 | %    can be used as nouns in a sentence; no parentheses appear around | 
 | %    the author names, but only around the year. | 
 | %      eg. Shneiderman (1978) states that...... | 
 | %    \citeN should only be used for a single citation. | 
 | %  \shortcite{key} | 
 | %    which produces citations with abbreviated author list and year. | 
 | %  \shortciteNP{key} | 
 | %    which produces citations with abbreviated author list and year. | 
 | %  \shortciteA{key} | 
 | %    which produces only the abbreviated author list. | 
 | %  \shortciteANP{key} | 
 | %    which produces only the abbreviated author list. | 
 | %  \shortciteN{key} | 
 | %    which produces the abbreviated author list and year, with only the | 
 | %    year in parentheses. Use with only one citation. | 
 | %  \citeyear{key} | 
 | %    which produces the year information only, within parentheses. | 
 | %  \citeyearNP{key} | 
 | %    which produces the year information only. | 
 | % | 
 | % Abbreviated author lists use the ``et al.'' construct. | 
 | % | 
 | % `NP' means `no parentheses'. | 
 | % | 
 | % This LaTeX style file must be used with the ``chicago'' or ``chicagoa'' | 
 | % (annotated chicago style) BibTeX styles. | 
 | % | 
 | \typeout{Using Chicago Manual of Style bibliography: 31 August 1992} | 
 | % | 
 | % ------------------------------------------------------------------------- | 
 | % | 
 | % Citation macros. | 
 | % | 
 | \def\chicagoand/{ and } | 
 | \def\chicagoetal/{ et~al.} | 
 | % | 
 | \let\@internalcite\cite | 
 | % | 
 | \def\cite{\def\@citeseppen{-1000}% | 
 |     \def\@cite##1##2{(##1\if@tempswa , ##2\fi)}% | 
 |     \def\citeauthortitleyear##1##2##3##4{##1\ ##4}\@internalcite} | 
 | \def\citeNP{\def\@citeseppen{-1000}% | 
 |     \def\@cite##1##2{##1\if@tempswa , ##2\fi}% | 
 |     \def\citeauthortitleyear##1##2##3##4{##1\ ##4}\@internalcite} | 
 | \def\citetitleN{\def\@citeseppen{-1000}% | 
 |     \def\@cite##1##2{##1\if@tempswa , ##2)\else{)}\fi}% | 
 |     \def\citeauthortitleyear##1##2##3##4{##3\ (##1; ##4}\@citedata} | 
 | \def\citeN{\def\@citeseppen{-1000}% | 
 |     \def\@cite##1##2{##1\if@tempswa , ##2)\else{)}\fi}% | 
 |     \def\citeauthortitleyear##1##2##3##4{##1\ (##4}\@citedata} | 
 | \def\citeA{\def\@citeseppen{-1000}% | 
 |     \def\@cite##1##2{(##1\if@tempswa , ##2\fi)}% | 
 |     \def\citeauthortitleyear##1##2##3##4{##1}\@internalcite} | 
 | \def\citeANP{\def\@citeseppen{-1000}% | 
 |     \def\@cite##1##2{##1\if@tempswa , ##2\fi}% | 
 |     \def\citeauthortitleyear##1##2##3##4{##1}\@internalcite} | 
 | % | 
 | \def\shortcite{\def\@citeseppen{-1000}% | 
 |     \def\@cite##1##2{(##1\if@tempswa , ##2\fi)}% | 
 |     \def\citeauthortitleyear##1##2##3##4{##2\ ##4}\@internalcite} | 
 | \def\shortciteNP{\def\@citeseppen{-1000}% | 
 |     \def\@cite##1##2{##1\if@tempswa , ##2\fi}% | 
 |     \def\citeauthortitleyear##1##2##3##4{##2\ ##4}\@internalcite} | 
 | \def\shortciteN{\def\@citeseppen{-1000}% | 
 |     \def\@cite##1##2{##1\if@tempswa , ##2)\else{)}\fi}% | 
 |     \def\citeauthortitleyear##1##2##3##4{##2\ (##4}\@citedata} | 
 | \def\shortciteA{\def\@citeseppen{-1000}% | 
 |     \def\@cite##1##2{(##1\if@tempswa , ##2\fi)}% | 
 |     \def\citeauthortitleyear##1##2##3##4{##2}\@internalcite} | 
 | \def\shortciteANP{\def\@citeseppen{-1000}% | 
 |     \def\@cite##1##2{##1\if@tempswa , ##2\fi}% | 
 |     \def\citeauthortitleyear##1##2##3##4{##2}\@internalcite} | 
 | % | 
 | \def\citeyear{\def\@citeseppen{-1000}% | 
 |     \def\@cite##1##2{(##1\if@tempswa , ##2\fi)}% | 
 |     \def\citeauthortitleyear##1##2##3##4{##4}\@citedata} | 
 | \def\citeyearNP{\def\@citeseppen{-1000}% | 
 |     \def\@cite##1##2{##1\if@tempswa , ##2\fi}% | 
 |     \def\citeauthortitleyear##1##2##3##4{##4}\@citedata} | 
 |  | 
 | % | 
 | % \@citedata and \@citedatax: | 
 | % | 
 | % Place commas in-between citations in the same \citeyear, \citeyearNP, | 
 | % \citeN, or \shortciteN command. | 
 | % Use something like \citeN{ref1,ref2,ref3} and \citeN{ref4} for a list. | 
 | % | 
 | \def\@citedata{% | 
 | 	\@ifnextchar [{\@tempswatrue\@citedatax}% | 
 | 				  {\@tempswafalse\@citedatax[]}% | 
 | } | 
 |  | 
 | \def\@citedatax[#1]#2{% | 
 | \if@filesw\immediate\write\@auxout{\string\citation{#2}}\fi% | 
 |   \def\@citea{}\@cite{\@for\@citeb:=#2\do% | 
 |     {\@citea\def\@citea{), }\@ifundefined% by Young | 
 |        {b@\@citeb}{{\bf ?}% | 
 |        \@warning{Citation `\@citeb' on page \thepage \space undefined}}% | 
 | {\csname b@\@citeb\endcsname}}}{#1}}% | 
 |  | 
 | \@ifpackageloaded{hyperref}{% | 
 |   \let\BRorg@citedatax\@citedatax  | 
 |   \def\@citedatax[#1]#2{% | 
 |     \BRorg@citedatax[#1]{#2}% | 
 |     \Hy@backout{#2}% | 
 |   }% | 
 | }{} | 
 | \@ifpackageloaded{hyperref}{% | 
 | \def\hyperemph#1{{\em\hyperpage{#1}}}% | 
 | \def\bold#1{{\bf\hyperpage{#1}}}% | 
 | }{% | 
 | \def\hyperemph#1{{\em #1}}% | 
 | \def\bold#1{{\bf #1}}% | 
 | } | 
 |  | 
 | \def\BR@@lbibitem[#1]#2#3\par{% | 
 |   \BRorg@bibitem[#1]{#2}#3\hfill\penalty100\hbox{} | 
 |   \newblock | 
 |   \backref\hfill[{\csname br@#2\endcsname}% | 
 |   ]\parskip=-10pt\penalty-10000\hbox{}\nobreak\par | 
 | }% | 
 | \def\BR@@bibitem#1#2\par{% | 
 |   \BRorg@bibitem{#1}#2 | 
 |   \newblock | 
 |   \backref\penalty-100\hbox{}\nobreak\hfill[\hbox{\csname br@#2\endcsname}% | 
 |   ]\par | 
 | } | 
 | \def\thepageorcolor{\thepage} | 
 | \def\Hy@backout#1{% | 
 |   \@bsphack | 
 |   \ifx\@empty\@currentlabel | 
 |     \protected@write\@auxout{}{% | 
 |       \string\@writefile{brf}{% | 
 |         \string\backcite{#1}{{\thepageorcolor}{(document)}{Doc-Start}}% | 
 |       }% | 
 |     }% | 
 |   \else | 
 |    \protected@write\@auxout{}{% | 
 |      \string\@writefile{brf}{% | 
 |        \string\backcite{#1}{{\thepageorcolor}{\@currentlabel}{\@currentHref}}% | 
 |      }% | 
 |    }% | 
 |   \fi | 
 |   \@esphack | 
 | } | 
 |  | 
 | % don't box citations, separate with ; and a space | 
 | % also, make the penalty between citations negative: a good place to break. | 
 | % | 
 | \def\@citex[#1]#2{% | 
 | \if@filesw\immediate\write\@auxout{\string\citation{#2}}\fi% | 
 |   \def\@citea{}\@cite{\@for\@citeb:=#2\do% | 
 |     {\@citea\def\@citea{; }\@ifundefined% by Young | 
 |        {b@\@citeb}{{\bf ?}% | 
 |        \@warning{Citation `\@citeb' on page \thepage \space undefined}}% | 
 | {\csname b@\@citeb\endcsname}}}{#1}}% | 
 |  | 
 | % (from apalike.sty) | 
 | % No labels in the bibliography. | 
 | % | 
 | \def\@biblabel#1{} | 
 |  | 
 | % (from apalike.sty) | 
 | % Set length of hanging indentation for bibliography entries. | 
 | % | 
 | \newlength{\bibhang} | 
 | \setlength{\bibhang}{2em} | 
 |  | 
 | % Indent second and subsequent lines of bibliographic entries. Stolen | 
 | % from openbib.sty: \newblock is set to {}. | 
 |  | 
 | \newdimen\bibindent | 
 | \bibindent=1.5em | 
 | \@ifundefined{refname}% | 
 |    {\@ifundefined{chapter}% | 
 |      {\newcommand{\refname}{References}}% | 
 |      {\newcommand{\refname}{Bibliography}}% | 
 |    }% | 
 |    {}% | 
 | \@ifundefined{chapter}% | 
 |  {\def\thebibliography#1{\section*{\refname\@mkboth | 
 |    {\uppercase{\refname}}{\uppercase{\refname}}} | 
 |    \addcontentsline{toc}{section}{References} | 
 |    \list | 
 |    {[\arabic{enumi}]}{\settowidth\labelwidth{[#1]} | 
 |    \leftmargin\labelwidth | 
 |    \advance\leftmargin\labelsep | 
 |    \advance\leftmargin\bibindent | 
 |    \itemindent -\bibindent | 
 |    \listparindent \itemindent | 
 |    \parsep \z@ | 
 |    \usecounter{enumi}} | 
 |    \def\newblock{} | 
 |    \sloppy | 
 |    \sfcode`\.=1000\relax}} | 
 |  {\def\thebibliography#1{\chapter*{\refname\@mkboth | 
 |    {\refname}{\refname}} | 
 |    \addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{References} | 
 |    \list | 
 |    {[\arabic{enumi}]}{\settowidth\labelwidth{[#1]} | 
 |    \leftmargin\labelwidth | 
 |    \advance\leftmargin\labelsep | 
 |    \advance\leftmargin\bibindent | 
 |    \itemindent -\bibindent | 
 |    \listparindent \itemindent | 
 |    \parsep \z@ | 
 |    \usecounter{enumi}} | 
 |    \def\newblock{} | 
 |    \sloppy | 
 |    \sfcode`\.=1000\relax}} |