|  | /* | 
|  | * Copyright (c) 1998, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. | 
|  | * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER. | 
|  | * | 
|  | * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it | 
|  | * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as | 
|  | * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this | 
|  | * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided | 
|  | * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code. | 
|  | * | 
|  | * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT | 
|  | * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or | 
|  | * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License | 
|  | * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that | 
|  | * accompanied this code). | 
|  | * | 
|  | * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version | 
|  | * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, | 
|  | * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA. | 
|  | * | 
|  | * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA | 
|  | * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any | 
|  | * questions. | 
|  | */ | 
|  |  | 
|  | /** | 
|  | * Provides classes that are fundamental to the design of the Java | 
|  | * programming language. The most important classes are {@code | 
|  | * Object}, which is the root of the class hierarchy, and {@code | 
|  | * Class}, instances of which represent classes at run time. | 
|  | * | 
|  | * <p>Frequently it is necessary to represent a value of primitive | 
|  | * type as if it were an object. The wrapper classes {@code Boolean}, | 
|  | * {@code Character}, {@code Integer}, {@code Long}, {@code Float}, | 
|  | * and {@code Double} serve this purpose.  An object of type {@code | 
|  | * Double}, for example, contains a field whose type is double, | 
|  | * representing that value in such a way that a reference to it can be | 
|  | * stored in a variable of reference type.  These classes also provide | 
|  | * a number of methods for converting among primitive values, as well | 
|  | * as supporting such standard methods as equals and hashCode.  The | 
|  | * {@code Void} class is a non-instantiable class that holds a | 
|  | * reference to a {@code Class} object representing the type void. | 
|  | * | 
|  | * <p>The class {@code Math} provides commonly used mathematical | 
|  | * functions such as sine, cosine, and square root. The classes {@code | 
|  | * String}, {@code StringBuffer}, and {@code StringBuilder} similarly | 
|  | * provide commonly used operations on character strings. | 
|  | * | 
|  | * <p>Classes {@code ClassLoader}, {@code Process}, {@code | 
|  | * ProcessBuilder}, {@code Runtime}, {@code SecurityManager}, and | 
|  | * {@code System} provide "system operations" that manage the dynamic | 
|  | * loading of classes, creation of external processes, host | 
|  | * environment inquiries such as the time of day, and enforcement of | 
|  | * security policies. | 
|  | * | 
|  | * <p>Class {@code Throwable} encompasses objects that may be thrown | 
|  | * by the {@code throw} statement. Subclasses of {@code Throwable} | 
|  | * represent errors and exceptions. | 
|  | * | 
|  | * <a id="charenc"></a> | 
|  | * <h2>Character Encodings</h2> | 
|  | * | 
|  | * The specification of the {@link java.nio.charset.Charset | 
|  | * java.nio.charset.Charset} class describes the naming conventions | 
|  | * for character encodings as well as the set of standard encodings | 
|  | * that must be supported by every implementation of the Java | 
|  | * platform. | 
|  | * | 
|  | * @since 1.0 | 
|  | */ | 
|  | package java.lang; |