| # tzdb data for Africa and environs |
| |
| # This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of |
| # 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson. |
| |
| # This file is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better, |
| # go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to |
| # [email protected] for general use in the future). For more, please see |
| # the file CONTRIBUTING in the tz distribution. |
| |
| # From Paul Eggert (2018-05-27): |
| # |
| # Unless otherwise specified, the source for data through 1990 is: |
| # Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition), |
| # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003). |
| # Unfortunately this book contains many errors and cites no sources. |
| # |
| # Many years ago Gwillim Law wrote that a good source |
| # for time zone data was the International Air Transport |
| # Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM), |
| # published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries |
| # of the IATA's data after 1990. Except where otherwise noted, |
| # IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990. |
| # |
| # Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences, |
| # Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which |
| # I found in the UCLA library. |
| # |
| # For data circa 1899, a common source is: |
| # Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94. |
| # https://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359 |
| # |
| # For the 1911/1912 establishment of standard time in French possessions, see: |
| # Société Française de Physique, Recueil de constantes physiques (1913), |
| # page 752, 18b. |
| # |
| # European-style abbreviations are commonly used along the Mediterranean. |
| # For sub-Saharan Africa abbreviations were less standardized. |
| # Previous editions of this database used WAT, CAT, SAT, and EAT |
| # for UT +00 through +03, respectively, |
| # but in 1997 Mark R V Murray reported that |
| # 'SAST' is the official abbreviation for +02 in the country of South Africa, |
| # 'CAT' is commonly used for +02 in countries north of South Africa, and |
| # 'WAT' is probably the best name for +01, as the common phrase for |
| # the area that includes Nigeria is "West Africa". |
| # |
| # To summarize, the following abbreviations seemed to have some currency: |
| # +00 GMT Greenwich Mean Time |
| # +02 CAT Central Africa Time |
| # +02 SAST South Africa Standard Time |
| # and Murray suggested the following abbreviation: |
| # +01 WAT West Africa Time |
| # Murray's suggestion seems to have caught on in news reports and the like. |
| # I vaguely recall 'WAT' also being used for -01 in the past but |
| # cannot now come up with solid citations. |
| # |
| # I invented the following abbreviations in the 1990s: |
| # +02 WAST West Africa Summer Time |
| # +03 CAST Central Africa Summer Time |
| # +03 SAST South Africa Summer Time |
| # +03 EAT East Africa Time |
| # 'EAT' seems to have caught on and is in current timestamps, and though |
| # the other abbreviations are rarer and are only in past timestamps, |
| # they are paired with better-attested non-DST abbreviations. |
| # Corrections are welcome. |
| |
| # Algeria |
| # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S |
| Rule Algeria 1916 only - Jun 14 23:00s 1:00 S |
| Rule Algeria 1916 1919 - Oct Sun>=1 23:00s 0 - |
| Rule Algeria 1917 only - Mar 24 23:00s 1:00 S |
| Rule Algeria 1918 only - Mar 9 23:00s 1:00 S |
| Rule Algeria 1919 only - Mar 1 23:00s 1:00 S |
| Rule Algeria 1920 only - Feb 14 23:00s 1:00 S |
| Rule Algeria 1920 only - Oct 23 23:00s 0 - |
| Rule Algeria 1921 only - Mar 14 23:00s 1:00 S |
| Rule Algeria 1921 only - Jun 21 23:00s 0 - |
| Rule Algeria 1939 only - Sep 11 23:00s 1:00 S |
| Rule Algeria 1939 only - Nov 19 1:00 0 - |
| Rule Algeria 1944 1945 - Apr Mon>=1 2:00 1:00 S |
| Rule Algeria 1944 only - Oct 8 2:00 0 - |
| Rule Algeria 1945 only - Sep 16 1:00 0 - |
| Rule Algeria 1971 only - Apr 25 23:00s 1:00 S |
| Rule Algeria 1971 only - Sep 26 23:00s 0 - |
| Rule Algeria 1977 only - May 6 0:00 1:00 S |
| Rule Algeria 1977 only - Oct 21 0:00 0 - |
| Rule Algeria 1978 only - Mar 24 1:00 1:00 S |
| Rule Algeria 1978 only - Sep 22 3:00 0 - |
| Rule Algeria 1980 only - Apr 25 0:00 1:00 S |
| Rule Algeria 1980 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 - |
| # See Europe/Paris for PMT-related transitions. |
| # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] |
| Zone Africa/Algiers 0:12:12 - LMT 1891 Mar 16 |
| 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time |
| 0:00 Algeria WE%sT 1940 Feb 25 2:00 |
| 1:00 Algeria CE%sT 1946 Oct 7 |
| 0:00 - WET 1956 Jan 29 |
| 1:00 - CET 1963 Apr 14 |
| 0:00 Algeria WE%sT 1977 Oct 21 |
| 1:00 Algeria CE%sT 1979 Oct 26 |
| 0:00 Algeria WE%sT 1981 May |
| 1:00 - CET |
| |
| # Cape Verde / Cabo Verde |
| # |
| # From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01), per Paul Eggert (2018-02-16): |
| # For timestamps before independence, see commentary for Europe/Lisbon. |
| # Shanks gives 1907 instead for the transition to -02. |
| # |
| # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] |
| Zone Atlantic/Cape_Verde -1:34:04 - LMT 1912 Jan 01 2:00u # Praia |
| -2:00 - %z 1942 Sep |
| -2:00 1:00 %z 1945 Oct 15 |
| -2:00 - %z 1975 Nov 25 2:00 |
| -1:00 - %z |
| |
| # Chad |
| # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] |
| Zone Africa/Ndjamena 1:00:12 - LMT 1912 Jan 1 # N'Djamena |
| 1:00 - WAT 1979 Oct 14 |
| 1:00 1:00 WAST 1980 Mar 8 |
| 1:00 - WAT |
| |
| # Burkina Faso |
| # Côte d'Ivoire (Ivory Coast) |
| # The Gambia |
| # Ghana |
| # Guinea |
| # Iceland |
| # Mali |
| # Mauritania |
| # St Helena |
| # Senegal |
| # Sierra Leone |
| # Togo |
| |
| # The other parts of the St Helena territory are similar: |
| # Tristan da Cunha: on GMT, say Whitman and the CIA |
| # Ascension: on GMT, say the USNO (1995-12-21) and the CIA |
| # Gough (scientific station since 1955; sealers wintered previously): |
| # on GMT, says the CIA |
| # Inaccessible, Nightingale: uninhabited |
| |
| # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] |
| Zone Africa/Abidjan -0:16:08 - LMT 1912 Jan 1 |
| 0:00 - GMT |
| |
| ############################################################################### |
| |
| # Egypt |
| |
| # Milne says Cairo used 2:05:08.9, the local mean time of the Abbasizeh |
| # observatory. Milne also says that the official time for |
| # Egypt was mean noon at the Great Pyramid, 2:04:30.5, but apparently this |
| # did not apply to Cairo, Alexandria, or Port Said. |
| |
| # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S |
| Rule Egypt 1940 only - Jul 15 0:00 1:00 S |
| Rule Egypt 1940 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - |
| Rule Egypt 1941 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 S |
| Rule Egypt 1941 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 - |
| Rule Egypt 1942 1944 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S |
| Rule Egypt 1942 only - Oct 27 0:00 0 - |
| Rule Egypt 1943 1945 - Nov 1 0:00 0 - |
| Rule Egypt 1945 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 S |
| Rule Egypt 1957 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S |
| Rule Egypt 1957 1958 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - |
| Rule Egypt 1958 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S |
| Rule Egypt 1959 1981 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S |
| Rule Egypt 1959 1965 - Sep 30 3:00 0 - |
| Rule Egypt 1966 1994 - Oct 1 3:00 0 - |
| Rule Egypt 1982 only - Jul 25 1:00 1:00 S |
| Rule Egypt 1983 only - Jul 12 1:00 1:00 S |
| Rule Egypt 1984 1988 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S |
| Rule Egypt 1989 only - May 6 1:00 1:00 S |
| Rule Egypt 1990 1994 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S |
| # IATA (after 1990) says transitions are at 0:00. |
| # Go with IATA starting in 1995, except correct 1995 entry from 09-30 to 09-29. |
| |
| # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2011-04-20): |
| # "...Egypt's interim cabinet decided on Wednesday to cancel daylight |
| # saving time after a poll posted on its website showed the majority of |
| # Egyptians would approve the cancellation." |
| # |
| # Egypt to cancel daylight saving time |
| # http://www.almasryalyoum.com/en/node/407168 |
| # or |
| # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_egypt04.html |
| Rule Egypt 1995 2010 - Apr lastFri 0:00s 1:00 S |
| Rule Egypt 1995 2005 - Sep lastThu 24:00 0 - |
| # From Steffen Thorsen (2006-09-19): |
| # The Egyptian Gazette, issue 41,090 (2006-09-18), page 1, reports: |
| # Egypt will turn back clocks by one hour at the midnight of Thursday |
| # after observing the daylight saving time since May. |
| # http://news.gom.com.eg/gazette/pdf/2006/09/18/01.pdf |
| Rule Egypt 2006 only - Sep 21 24:00 0 - |
| # From Dirk Losch (2007-08-14): |
| # I received a mail from an airline which says that the daylight |
| # saving time in Egypt will end in the night of 2007-09-06 to 2007-09-07. |
| # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2007-08-15): [The following agree:] |
| # http://www.nentjes.info/Bill/bill5.htm |
| # https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/city.html?n=53 |
| # From Steffen Thorsen (2007-09-04): The official information...: |
| # http://www.sis.gov.eg/En/EgyptOnline/Miscellaneous/000002/0207000000000000001580.htm |
| Rule Egypt 2007 only - Sep Thu>=1 24:00 0 - |
| # From Abdelrahman Hassan (2007-09-06): |
| # Due to the Hijri (lunar Islamic calendar) year being 11 days shorter |
| # than the year of the Gregorian calendar, Ramadan shifts earlier each |
| # year. This year it will be observed September 13 (September is quite |
| # hot in Egypt), and the idea is to make fasting easier for workers by |
| # shifting business hours one hour out of daytime heat. Consequently, |
| # unless discontinued, next DST may end Thursday 28 August 2008. |
| # From Paul Eggert (2007-08-17): |
| # For lack of better info, assume the new rule is last Thursday in August. |
| |
| # From Petr Machata (2009-04-06): |
| # The following appeared in Red Hat bugzilla[1] (edited): |
| # |
| # > $ zdump -v /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo | grep 2009 |
| # > /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo Thu Apr 23 21:59:59 2009 UTC = Thu = |
| # Apr 23 |
| # > 23:59:59 2009 EET isdst=0 gmtoff=7200 |
| # > /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo Thu Apr 23 22:00:00 2009 UTC = Fri = |
| # Apr 24 |
| # > 01:00:00 2009 EEST isdst=1 gmtoff=10800 |
| # > /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo Thu Aug 27 20:59:59 2009 UTC = Thu = |
| # Aug 27 |
| # > 23:59:59 2009 EEST isdst=1 gmtoff=10800 |
| # > /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo Thu Aug 27 21:00:00 2009 UTC = Thu = |
| # Aug 27 |
| # > 23:00:00 2009 EET isdst=0 gmtoff=7200 |
| # |
| # > end date should be Thu Sep 24 2009 (Last Thursday in September at 23:59= |
| # :59) |
| # > http://support.microsoft.com/kb/958729/ |
| # |
| # timeanddate[2] and another site I've found[3] also support that. |
| # |
| # [1] https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=492263 |
| # [2] https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/clockchange.html?n=53 |
| # [3] https://wwp.greenwichmeantime.com/time-zone/africa/egypt/ |
| |
| # From Arthur David Olson (2009-04-20): |
| # In 2009 (and for the next several years), Ramadan ends before the fourth |
| # Thursday in September; Egypt is expected to revert to the last Thursday |
| # in September. |
| |
| # From Steffen Thorsen (2009-08-11): |
| # We have been able to confirm the August change with the Egyptian Cabinet |
| # Information and Decision Support Center: |
| # https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/egypt-dst-ends-2009.html |
| # |
| # The Middle East News Agency |
| # https://www.mena.org.eg/index.aspx |
| # also reports "Egypt starts winter time on August 21" |
| # today in article numbered "71, 11/08/2009 12:25 GMT." |
| # Only the title above is available without a subscription to their service, |
| # and can be found by searching for "winter" in their search engine |
| # (at least today). |
| |
| # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-07-20): |
| # According to News from Egypt - Al-Masry Al-Youm Egypt's cabinet has |
| # decided that Daylight Saving Time will not be used in Egypt during |
| # Ramadan. |
| # |
| # Arabic translation: |
| # "Clocks to go back during Ramadan - and then forward again" |
| # http://www.almasryalyoum.com/en/news/clocks-go-back-during-ramadan-and-then-forward-again |
| # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_egypt02.html |
| |
| # From Ahmad El-Dardiry (2014-05-07): |
| # Egypt is to change back to Daylight system on May 15 |
| # http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/1/64/100735/Egypt/Politics-/Egypts-government-to-reapply-daylight-saving-time-.aspx |
| |
| # From Gunther Vermier (2014-05-13): |
| # our Egypt office confirms that the change will be at 15 May "midnight" (24:00) |
| |
| # From Imed Chihi (2014-06-04): |
| # We have finally "located" a precise official reference about the DST changes |
| # in Egypt. The Ministers Cabinet decision is explained at |
| # http://www.cabinet.gov.eg/Media/CabinetMeetingsDetails.aspx?id=347 ... |
| # [T]his (Arabic) site is not accessible outside Egypt, but the page ... |
| # translates into: "With regard to daylight saving time, it is scheduled to |
| # take effect at exactly twelve o'clock this evening, Thursday, 15 MAY 2014, |
| # to be suspended by twelve o'clock on the evening of Thursday, 26 JUN 2014, |
| # and re-established again at the end of the month of Ramadan, at twelve |
| # o'clock on the evening of Thursday, 31 JUL 2014." This statement has been |
| # reproduced by other (more accessible) sites[, e.g.,]... |
| # http://elgornal.net/news/news.aspx?id=4699258 |
| |
| # From Steffen Thorsen (2015-04-08): |
| # Egypt will start DST on midnight after Thursday, April 30, 2015. |
| # This is based on a law (no 35) from May 15, 2014 saying it starts the last |
| # Thursday of April.... Clocks will still be turned back for Ramadan, but |
| # dates not yet announced.... |
| # http://almogaz.com/news/weird-news/2015/04/05/1947105 ... |
| # https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/egypt-starts-dst-2015.html |
| |
| # From Ahmed Nazmy (2015-04-20): |
| # Egypt's ministers cabinet just announced ... that it will cancel DST at |
| # least for 2015. |
| # |
| # From Tim Parenti (2015-04-20): |
| # http://english.ahram.org.eg/WriterArticles/NewsContentP/1/128195/Egypt/No-daylight-saving-this-summer-Egypts-prime-minist.aspx |
| # "Egypt's cabinet agreed on Monday not to switch clocks for daylight saving |
| # time this summer, and carry out studies on the possibility of canceling the |
| # practice altogether in future years." |
| # |
| # From Paul Eggert (2015-04-24): |
| # Yesterday the office of Egyptian President El-Sisi announced his |
| # decision to abandon DST permanently. See Ahram Online 2015-04-24. |
| # http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/1/64/128509/Egypt/Politics-/Sisi-cancels-daylight-saving-time-in-Egypt.aspx |
| |
| # From Steffen Thorsen (2016-04-29): |
| # Egypt will have DST from July 7 until the end of October.... |
| # http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContentP/1/204655/Egypt/Daylight-savings-time-returning-to-Egypt-on--July.aspx |
| # From Mina Samuel (2016-07-04): |
| # Egyptian government took the decision to cancel the DST, |
| |
| # From Ahmad ElDardiry (2023-03-01): |
| # Egypt officially announced today that daylight savings will be |
| # applied from last Friday of April to last Thursday of October. |
| # From Paul Eggert (2023-03-01): |
| # Assume transitions are at 00:00 and 24:00 respectively. |
| # From Amir Adib (2023-03-07): |
| # https://www.facebook.com/EgyptianCabinet/posts/638829614954129/ |
| |
| Rule Egypt 2008 only - Aug lastThu 24:00 0 - |
| Rule Egypt 2009 only - Aug 20 24:00 0 - |
| Rule Egypt 2010 only - Aug 10 24:00 0 - |
| Rule Egypt 2010 only - Sep 9 24:00 1:00 S |
| Rule Egypt 2010 only - Sep lastThu 24:00 0 - |
| Rule Egypt 2014 only - May 15 24:00 1:00 S |
| Rule Egypt 2014 only - Jun 26 24:00 0 - |
| Rule Egypt 2014 only - Jul 31 24:00 1:00 S |
| Rule Egypt 2014 only - Sep lastThu 24:00 0 - |
| Rule Egypt 2023 max - Apr lastFri 0:00 1:00 S |
| Rule Egypt 2023 max - Oct lastThu 24:00 0 - |
| |
| # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] |
| #STDOFF 2:05:08.9 |
| Zone Africa/Cairo 2:05:09 - LMT 1900 Oct |
| 2:00 Egypt EE%sT |
| |
| # Guinea-Bissau |
| # |
| # From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01), per Paul Eggert (2018-02-16): |
| # For timestamps before independence, see commentary for Europe/Lisbon. |
| # |
| # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] |
| Zone Africa/Bissau -1:02:20 - LMT 1912 Jan 1 1:00u |
| -1:00 - %z 1975 |
| 0:00 - GMT |
| |
| # Comoros |
| # Djibouti |
| # Eritrea |
| # Ethiopia |
| # Kenya |
| # Madagascar |
| # Mayotte |
| # Somalia |
| # Tanzania |
| # Uganda |
| |
| # From P Chan (2020-10-24): |
| # |
| # The standard time of GMT+2:30 was adopted in the East Africa Protectorate.... |
| # [The Official Gazette, 1908-05-01, p 274] |
| # https://books.google.com/books?id=e-cAC-sjPSEC&pg=PA274 |
| # |
| # At midnight on 30 June 1928 the clocks throughout Kenya was put forward |
| # half an hour by the Alteration of Time Ordinance, 1928. |
| # https://gazettes.africa/archive/ke/1928/ke-government-gazette-dated-1928-05-11-no-28.pdf |
| # [Ordinance No. 11 of 1928, The Official Gazette, 1928-06-26, p 813] |
| # https://books.google.com/books?id=2S0S6os32ZUC&pg=PA813 |
| # |
| # The 1928 ordinance was repealed by the Alteration of Time (repeal) Ordinance, |
| # 1929 and the time was restored to GMT+2:30 at midnight on 4 January 1930. |
| # [Ordinance No. 97 of 1929, The Official Gazette, 1929-12-31, p 2701] |
| # https://books.google.com/books?id=_g18jIZQlwwC&pg=PA2701 |
| # |
| # The Alteration of Time Ordinance, 1936 changed the time to GMT+2:45 |
| # and repealed the previous ordinance at midnight on 31 December 1936. |
| # [The Official Gazette, 1936-07-21, p 705] |
| # https://books.google.com/books?id=K7j41z0aC5wC&pg=PA705 |
| # |
| # The Defence (Amendment of Laws No. 120) Regulations changed the time |
| # to GMT+3 at midnight on 31 July 1942. |
| # [Kenya Official Gazette Supplement No. 32, 1942-07-21, p 331] |
| # https://books.google.com/books?hl=zh-TW&id=c_E-AQAAIAAJ&pg=PA331 |
| # The provision of the 1936 ordinance was not repealed and was later |
| # incorporated in the Interpretation and General Clauses Ordinance in 1948. |
| # Although it was overridden by the 1942 regulations. |
| # [The Laws of Kenya in force on 1948-09-21, Title I, Chapter 1, 31] |
| # https://dds.crl.edu/item/217517 (p.101) |
| # In 1950 the Interpretation and General Clauses Ordinance was amended to adopt |
| # GMT+3 permanently as the 1942 regulations were due to expire on 10 December. |
| # https://books.google.com/books?id=jvR8mUDAwR0C&pg=PA787 |
| # [Ordinance No. 44 of 1950, Kenya Ordinances 1950, Vol. XXIX, p 294] |
| # https://books.google.com/books?id=-_dQAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA294 |
| |
| # From Paul Eggert (2020-10-24): |
| # The 1908-05-01 announcement does not give an effective date, |
| # so just say "1908 May". |
| |
| # From Paul Eggert (2018-09-11): |
| # Unfortunately tzdb records only Western clock time in use in Ethiopia, |
| # as the tzdb format is not up to properly recording a common Ethiopian |
| # timekeeping practice that is based on solar time. See: |
| # Mortada D. If you have a meeting in Ethiopia, you'd better double |
| # check the time. PRI's The World. 2015-01-30 15:15 -05. |
| # https://www.pri.org/stories/2015-01-30/if-you-have-meeting-ethiopia-you-better-double-check-time |
| |
| # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] |
| Zone Africa/Nairobi 2:27:16 - LMT 1908 May |
| 2:30 - %z 1928 Jun 30 24:00 |
| 3:00 - EAT 1930 Jan 4 24:00 |
| 2:30 - %z 1936 Dec 31 24:00 |
| 2:45 - %z 1942 Jul 31 24:00 |
| 3:00 - EAT |
| |
| # Liberia |
| # |
| # From Paul Eggert (2017-03-02): |
| # |
| # The Nautical Almanac for the Year 1970, p 264, is the source for -0:44:30. |
| # |
| # In 1972 Liberia was the last country to switch from a UT offset |
| # that was not a multiple of 15 or 20 minutes. The 1972 change was on |
| # 1972-01-07, according to an entry dated 1972-01-04 on p 330 of: |
| # Presidential Papers: First year of the administration of |
| # President William R. Tolbert, Jr., July 23, 1971-July 31, 1972. |
| # Monrovia: Executive Mansion. |
| # |
| # Use the abbreviation "MMT" before 1972, as the more accurate numeric |
| # abbreviation "-004430" would be one byte over the POSIX limit. |
| # |
| # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] |
| Zone Africa/Monrovia -0:43:08 - LMT 1882 |
| -0:43:08 - MMT 1919 Mar # Monrovia Mean Time |
| -0:44:30 - MMT 1972 Jan 7 # approximately MMT |
| 0:00 - GMT |
| |
| ############################################################################### |
| |
| # Libya |
| |
| # From Even Scharning (2012-11-10): |
| # Libya set their time one hour back at 02:00 on Saturday November 10. |
| # https://www.libyaherald.com/2012/11/04/clocks-to-go-back-an-hour-on-saturday/ |
| # Here is an official source [in Arabic]: http://ls.ly/fb6Yc |
| # |
| # Steffen Thorsen forwarded a translation (2012-11-10) in |
| # https://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2012-November/018451.html |
| # |
| # From Tim Parenti (2012-11-11): |
| # Treat the 2012-11-10 change as a zone change from UTC+2 to UTC+1. |
| # The DST rules planned for 2013 and onward roughly mirror those of Europe |
| # (either two days before them or five days after them, so as to fall on |
| # lastFri instead of lastSun). |
| |
| # From Even Scharning (2013-10-25): |
| # The scheduled end of DST in Libya on Friday, October 25, 2013 was |
| # cancelled yesterday.... |
| # https://www.libyaherald.com/2013/10/24/correction-no-time-change-tomorrow/ |
| # |
| # From Paul Eggert (2013-10-25): |
| # For now, assume they're reverting to the pre-2012 rules of permanent UT +02. |
| |
| # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S |
| Rule Libya 1951 only - Oct 14 2:00 1:00 S |
| Rule Libya 1952 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 - |
| Rule Libya 1953 only - Oct 9 2:00 1:00 S |
| Rule Libya 1954 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 - |
| Rule Libya 1955 only - Sep 30 0:00 1:00 S |
| Rule Libya 1956 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 - |
| Rule Libya 1982 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S |
| Rule Libya 1982 1985 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - |
| Rule Libya 1985 only - Apr 6 0:00 1:00 S |
| Rule Libya 1986 only - Apr 4 0:00 1:00 S |
| Rule Libya 1986 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 - |
| Rule Libya 1987 1989 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S |
| Rule Libya 1987 1989 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - |
| Rule Libya 1997 only - Apr 4 0:00 1:00 S |
| Rule Libya 1997 only - Oct 4 0:00 0 - |
| Rule Libya 2013 only - Mar lastFri 1:00 1:00 S |
| Rule Libya 2013 only - Oct lastFri 2:00 0 - |
| # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] |
| Zone Africa/Tripoli 0:52:44 - LMT 1920 |
| 1:00 Libya CE%sT 1959 |
| 2:00 - EET 1982 |
| 1:00 Libya CE%sT 1990 May 4 |
| # The 1996 and 1997 entries are from Shanks & Pottenger; |
| # the IATA SSIM data entries contain some obvious errors. |
| 2:00 - EET 1996 Sep 30 |
| 1:00 Libya CE%sT 1997 Oct 4 |
| 2:00 - EET 2012 Nov 10 2:00 |
| 1:00 Libya CE%sT 2013 Oct 25 2:00 |
| 2:00 - EET |
| |
| # Mauritius |
| |
| # From Steffen Thorsen (2008-06-25): |
| # Mauritius plans to observe DST from 2008-11-01 to 2009-03-31 on a trial |
| # basis.... |
| # It seems that Mauritius observed daylight saving time from 1982-10-10 to |
| # 1983-03-20 as well, but that was not successful.... |
| # https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/mauritius-daylight-saving-time.html |
| |
| # From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-06-25): |
| # http://economicdevelopment.gov.mu/portal/site/Mainhomepage/menuitem.a42b24128104d9845dabddd154508a0c/?content_id=0a7cee8b5d69a110VgnVCM1000000a04a8c0RCRD |
| |
| # From Arthur David Olson (2008-06-30): |
| # The www.timeanddate.com article cited by Steffen Thorsen notes that "A |
| # final decision has yet to be made on the times that daylight saving |
| # would begin and end on these dates." As a place holder, use midnight. |
| |
| # From Paul Eggert (2008-06-30): |
| # Follow Thorsen on DST in 1982/1983, instead of Shanks & Pottenger. |
| |
| # From Steffen Thorsen (2008-07-10): |
| # According to |
| # http://www.lexpress.mu/display_article.php?news_id=111216 |
| # (in French), Mauritius will start and end their DST a few days earlier |
| # than previously announced (2008-11-01 to 2009-03-31). The new start |
| # date is 2008-10-26 at 02:00 and the new end date is 2009-03-27 (no time |
| # given, but it is probably at either 2 or 3 wall clock time). |
| # |
| # A little strange though, since the article says that they moved the date |
| # to align itself with Europe and USA which also change time on that date, |
| # but that means they have not paid attention to what happened in |
| # USA/Canada last year (DST ends first Sunday in November). I also wonder |
| # why that they end on a Friday, instead of aligning with Europe which |
| # changes two days later. |
| |
| # From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-07-11): |
| # Seems that English language article "The revival of daylight saving |
| # time: Energy conservation?"- No. 16578 (07/11/2008) was originally |
| # published on Monday, June 30, 2008... |
| # |
| # I guess that article in French "Le gouvernement avance l'introduction |
| # de l'heure d'été" stating that DST in Mauritius starting on October 26 |
| # and ending on March 27, 2009 is the most recent one.... |
| # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_mauritius02.html |
| |
| # From Riad M. Hossen Ally (2008-08-03): |
| # The Government of Mauritius weblink |
| # http://www.gov.mu/portal/site/pmosite/menuitem.4ca0efdee47462e7440a600248a521ca/?content_id=4728ca68b2a5b110VgnVCM1000000a04a8c0RCRD |
| # Cabinet Decision of July 18th, 2008 states as follows: |
| # |
| # 4. ...Cabinet has agreed to the introduction into the National Assembly |
| # of the Time Bill which provides for the introduction of summer time in |
| # Mauritius. The summer time period which will be of one hour ahead of |
| # the standard time, will be aligned with that in Europe and the United |
| # States of America. It will start at two o'clock in the morning on the |
| # last Sunday of October and will end at two o'clock in the morning on |
| # the last Sunday of March the following year. The summer time for the |
| # year 2008-2009 will, therefore, be effective as from 26 October 2008 |
| # and end on 29 March 2009. |
| |
| # From Ed Maste (2008-10-07): |
| # THE TIME BILL (No. XXVII of 2008) Explanatory Memorandum states the |
| # beginning / ending of summer time is 2 o'clock standard time in the |
| # morning of the last Sunday of October / last Sunday of March. |
| # http://www.gov.mu/portal/goc/assemblysite/file/bill2708.pdf |
| |
| # From Steffen Thorsen (2009-06-05): |
| # According to several sources, Mauritius will not continue to observe |
| # DST the coming summer... |
| # |
| # Some sources, in French: |
| # http://www.defimedia.info/news/946/Rashid-Beebeejaun-:-«-L%E2%80%99heure-d%E2%80%99été-ne-sera-pas-appliquée-cette-année-» |
| # http://lexpress.mu/Story/3398~Beebeejaun---Les-objectifs-d-économie-d-énergie-de-l-heure-d-été-ont-été-atteints- |
| # |
| # Our wrap-up: |
| # https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/mauritius-dst-will-not-repeat.html |
| |
| # From Arthur David Olson (2009-07-11): |
| # The "mauritius-dst-will-not-repeat" wrapup includes this: |
| # "The trial ended on March 29, 2009, when the clocks moved back by one hour |
| # at 2am (or 02:00) local time..." |
| |
| # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S |
| Rule Mauritius 1982 only - Oct 10 0:00 1:00 - |
| Rule Mauritius 1983 only - Mar 21 0:00 0 - |
| Rule Mauritius 2008 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 - |
| Rule Mauritius 2009 only - Mar lastSun 2:00 0 - |
| # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] |
| Zone Indian/Mauritius 3:50:00 - LMT 1907 # Port Louis |
| 4:00 Mauritius %z |
| # Agalega Is, Rodriguez |
| # no information; probably like Indian/Mauritius |
| |
| |
| # Morocco |
| # See Africa/Ceuta for Spanish Morocco. |
| |
| # From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-05-09): |
| # Here is an article that Morocco plan to introduce Daylight Saving Time between |
| # 1 June, 2008 and 27 September, 2008. |
| # |
| # "... Morocco is to save energy by adjusting its clock during summer so it will |
| # be one hour ahead of GMT between 1 June and 27 September, according to |
| # Communication Minister and Government Spokesman, Khalid Naciri...." |
| # |
| # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_morocco01.html |
| # http://en.afrik.com/news11892.html |
| |
| # From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-05-09): |
| # The Morocco time change can be confirmed on Morocco web site Maghreb Arabe |
| # Presse: |
| # http://www.map.ma/eng/sections/box3/morocco_shifts_to_da/view |
| # |
| # Morocco shifts to daylight time on June 1st through September 27, Govt. |
| # spokesman. |
| |
| # From Patrice Scattolin (2008-05-09): |
| # According to this article: |
| # https://www.avmaroc.com/actualite/heure-dete-comment-a127896.html |
| # (and republished here: <http://www.actu.ma/heure-dete-comment_i127896_0.html>) |
| # the changes occur at midnight: |
| # |
| # Saturday night May 31st at midnight (which in French is to be |
| # interpreted as the night between Saturday and Sunday) |
| # Sunday night the 28th at midnight |
| # |
| # Seeing that the 28th is Monday, I am guessing that she intends to say |
| # the midnight of the 28th which is the midnight between Sunday and |
| # Monday, which jives with other sources that say that it's inclusive |
| # June 1st to Sept 27th. |
| # |
| # The decision was taken by decree *2-08-224 *but I can't find the decree |
| # published on the web. |
| # |
| # It's also confirmed here: |
| # http://www.maroc.ma/NR/exeres/FACF141F-D910-44B0-B7FA-6E03733425D1.htm |
| # on a government portal as being between June 1st and Sept 27th (not yet |
| # posted in English). |
| # |
| # The following Google query will generate many relevant hits: |
| # https://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=Conseil+de+gouvernement+maroc+heure+avance&btnG=Search |
| |
| # From Steffen Thorsen (2008-08-27): |
| # Morocco will change the clocks back on the midnight between August 31 |
| # and September 1. They originally planned to observe DST to near the end |
| # of September: |
| # |
| # One article about it (in French): |
| # http://www.menara.ma/fr/Actualites/Maroc/Societe/ci.retour_a_l_heure_gmt_a_partir_du_dimanche_31_aout_a_minuit_officiel_.default |
| # |
| # We have some further details posted here: |
| # https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-ends-dst-early-2008.html |
| |
| # From Steffen Thorsen (2009-03-17): |
| # Morocco will observe DST from 2009-06-01 00:00 to 2009-08-21 00:00 according |
| # to many sources, such as |
| # http://news.marweb.com/morocco/entertainment/morocco-daylight-saving.html |
| # http://www.medi1sat.ma/fr/depeche.aspx?idp=2312 |
| # (French) |
| # |
| # Our summary: |
| # https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-starts-dst-2009.html |
| |
| # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-17): |
| # Here is a link to official document from Royaume du Maroc Premier Ministre, |
| # Ministère de la Modernisation des Secteurs Publics |
| # |
| # Under Article 1 of Royal Decree No. 455-67 of Act 23 safar 1387 (2 June 1967) |
| # concerning the amendment of the legal time, the Ministry of Modernization of |
| # Public Sectors announced that the official time in the Kingdom will be |
| # advanced 60 minutes from Sunday 31 May 2009 at midnight. |
| # |
| # http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/francais/Actualites_fr/PDF_Actualites_Fr/HeureEte_FR.pdf |
| # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_morocco03.html |
| |
| # From Steffen Thorsen (2010-04-13): |
| # Several news media in Morocco report that the Ministry of Modernization |
| # of Public Sectors has announced that Morocco will have DST from |
| # 2010-05-02 to 2010-08-08. |
| # |
| # Example: |
| # http://www.lavieeco.com/actualites/4099-le-maroc-passera-a-l-heure-d-ete-gmt1-le-2-mai.html |
| # (French) |
| # Our page: |
| # https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-starts-dst-2010.html |
| |
| # From Dan Abitol (2011-03-30): |
| # ...Rules for Africa/Casablanca are the following (24h format) |
| # The 3rd April 2011 at 00:00:00, [it] will be 3rd April 01:00:00 |
| # The 31st July 2011 at 00:59:59, [it] will be 31st July 00:00:00 |
| # ...Official links of change in morocco |
| # The change was broadcast on the FM Radio |
| # I ve called ANRT (telecom regulations in Morocco) at |
| # +212.537.71.84.00 |
| # http://www.anrt.net.ma/fr/ |
| # They said that |
| # http://www.map.ma/fr/sections/accueil/l_heure_legale_au_ma/view |
| # is the official publication to look at. |
| # They said that the decision was already taken. |
| # |
| # More articles in the press |
| # https://www.yabiladi.com/articles/details/5058/secret-l-heure-d-ete-maroc-leve.html |
| # http://www.lematin.ma/Actualite/Express/Article.asp?id=148923 |
| # http://www.lavieeco.com/actualite/Le-Maroc-passe-sur-GMT+1-a-partir-de-dim |
| |
| # From Petr Machata (2011-03-30): |
| # They have it written in English here: |
| # http://www.map.ma/eng/sections/home/morocco_to_spring_fo/view |
| # |
| # It says there that "Morocco will resume its standard time on July 31, |
| # 2011 at midnight." Now they don't say whether they mean midnight of |
| # wall clock time (i.e. 11pm UTC), but that's what I would assume. It has |
| # also been like that in the past. |
| |
| # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2012-03-09): |
| # According to Infomédiaire web site from Morocco (infomediaire.ma), |
| # on March 9, 2012, (in French) Heure légale: |
| # Le Maroc adopte officiellement l'heure d'été |
| # http://www.infomediaire.ma/news/maroc/heure-légale-le-maroc-adopte-officiellement-lheure-dété |
| # Governing Council adopted draft decree, that Morocco DST starts on |
| # the last Sunday of March (March 25, 2012) and ends on |
| # last Sunday of September (September 30, 2012) |
| # except the month of Ramadan. |
| # or (brief) |
| # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_morocco06.html |
| |
| # From Arthur David Olson (2012-03-10): |
| # The infomediaire.ma source indicates that the system is to be in |
| # effect every year. It gives 03H00 as the "fall back" time of day; |
| # it lacks a "spring forward" time of day; assume 2:00 XXX. |
| # Wait on specifying the Ramadan exception for details about |
| # start date, start time of day, end date, and end time of day XXX. |
| |
| # From Christophe Tropamer (2012-03-16): |
| # Seen Morocco change again: |
| # http://www.le2uminutes.com/actualite.php |
| # "...à partir du dernier dimanche d'avril et non fins mars, |
| # comme annoncé précédemment." |
| |
| # From Milamber Space Network (2012-07-17): |
| # The official return to GMT is announced by the Moroccan government: |
| # http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/fr/actualites.aspx?id=288 [in French] |
| # |
| # Google translation, lightly edited: |
| # Back to the standard time of the Kingdom (GMT) |
| # Pursuant to Decree No. 2-12-126 issued on 26 Jumada (I) 1433 (April 18, |
| # 2012) and in accordance with the order of Mr. President of the |
| # Government No. 3-47-12 issued on 24 Sha'ban (11 July 2012), the Ministry |
| # of Public Service and Administration Modernization announces the return |
| # of the legal time of the Kingdom (GMT) from Friday, July 20, 2012 until |
| # Monday, August 20, 2012. So the time will be delayed by 60 minutes from |
| # 3:00 am Friday, July 20, 2012 and will again be advanced by 60 minutes |
| # August 20, 2012 from 2:00 am. |
| |
| # From Paul Eggert (2013-03-06): |
| # Morocco's daylight-saving transitions due to Ramadan seem to be |
| # announced a bit in advance. On 2012-07-11 the Moroccan government |
| # announced that year's Ramadan daylight-saving transitions would be |
| # 2012-07-20 and 2012-08-20; see |
| # http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/fr/actualites.aspx?id=288 |
| |
| # From Andrew Paprocki (2013-07-02): |
| # Morocco announced that the year's Ramadan daylight-savings |
| # transitions would be 2013-07-07 and 2013-08-10; see: |
| # http://www.maroc.ma/en/news/morocco-suspends-daylight-saving-time-july-7-aug10 |
| |
| # From Steffen Thorsen (2013-09-28): |
| # Morocco extends DST by one month, on very short notice, just 1 day |
| # before it was going to end. There is a new decree (2.13.781) for |
| # this, where DST from now on goes from last Sunday of March at 02:00 |
| # to last Sunday of October at 03:00, similar to EU rules. Official |
| # source (French): |
| # http://www.maroc.gov.ma/fr/actualites/lhoraire-dete-gmt1-maintenu-jusquau-27-octobre-2013 |
| # Another source (specifying the time for start and end in the decree): |
| # http://www.lemag.ma/Heure-d-ete-au-Maroc-jusqu-au-27-octobre_a75620.html |
| |
| # From Sebastien Willemijns (2014-03-18): |
| # http://www.afriquinfos.com/articles/2014/3/18/maroc-heure-dete-avancez-tous-horloges-247891.asp |
| |
| # From Milamber Space Network (2014-06-05): |
| # The Moroccan government has recently announced that the country will return |
| # to standard time at 03:00 on Saturday, June 28, 2014 local time.... DST |
| # will resume again at 02:00 on Saturday, August 2, 2014.... |
| # http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/fr/actualites.aspx?id=586 |
| |
| # From Milamber (2015-06-08): |
| # (Google Translation) The hour will thus be delayed 60 minutes |
| # Sunday, June 14 at 3:00, the ministry said in a statement, adding |
| # that the time will be advanced again 60 minutes Sunday, July 19, |
| # 2015 at 2:00. The move comes under 2.12.126 Decree of 26 Jumada I |
| # 1433 (18 April 2012) and the decision of the Head of Government of |
| # 16 N. 3-29-15 Chaaban 1435 (4 June 2015). |
| # Source (french): |
| # https://lnt.ma/le-maroc-reculera-dune-heure-le-dimanche-14-juin/ |
| # |
| # From Milamber (2015-06-09): |
| # http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/fr/actualites.aspx?id=863 |
| # |
| # From Michael Deckers (2015-06-09): |
| # [The gov.ma announcement] would (probably) make the switch on 2015-07-19 go |
| # from 03:00 to 04:00 rather than from 02:00 to 03:00, as in the patch.... |
| # I think the patch is correct and the quoted text is wrong; the text in |
| # <https://lnt.ma/le-maroc-reculera-dune-heure-le-dimanche-14-juin/> agrees |
| # with the patch. |
| |
| # From Mohamed Essedik Najd (2018-10-26): |
| # Today, a Moroccan government council approved the perpetual addition |
| # of 60 minutes to the regular Moroccan timezone. |
| # From Matt Johnson (2018-10-28): |
| # http://www.sgg.gov.ma/Portals/1/BO/2018/BO_6720-bis_Ar.pdf |
| # |
| # From Maamar Abdelkader (2018-11-01): |
| # We usually move clocks back the previous week end and come back to the +1 |
| # the week end after.... The government does not announce yet the decision |
| # about this temporary change. But it s 99% sure that it will be the case, |
| # as in previous years. An unofficial survey was done these days, showing |
| # that 64% of asked people are ok for moving from +1 to +0 during Ramadan. |
| # https://leconomiste.com/article/1035870-enquete-l-economiste-sunergia-64-des-marocains-plebiscitent-le-gmt-pendant-ramadan |
| |
| # From Naoufal Semlali (2019-04-16): |
| # Morocco will be on GMT starting from Sunday, May 5th 2019 at 3am. |
| # The switch to GMT+1 will occur on Sunday, June 9th 2019 at 2am.... |
| # http://fr.le360.ma/societe/voici-la-date-du-retour-a-lheure-legale-au-maroc-188222 |
| |
| # From Semlali Naoufal (2020-04-14): |
| # Following the announcement by the Moroccan government, the switch to |
| # GMT time will take place on Sunday, April 19, 2020 from 3 a.m. and |
| # the return to GMT+1 time will take place on Sunday, May 31, 2020 at 2 a.m.... |
| # https://maroc-diplomatique.net/maroc-le-retour-a-lheure-gmt-est-prevu-dimanche-prochain/ |
| # http://aujourdhui.ma/actualite/gmt1-retour-a-lheure-normale-dimanche-prochain-1 |
| # |
| # From Milamber (2020-05-31) |
| # In Morocco (where I live), the end of Ramadan (Arabic month) is followed by |
| # the Eid al-Fitr, and concretely it's 1 or 2 day offs for the people (with |
| # traditional visiting of family, big lunches/dinners, etc.). So for this |
| # year the astronomical calculations don't include the following 2 days off in |
| # the calc. These 2 days fall in a Sunday/Monday, so it's not acceptable by |
| # people to have a time shift during these 2 days off. Perhaps you can modify |
| # the (predicted) rules for next years: if the end of Ramadan is a (probable) |
| # Friday or Saturday (and so the 2 days off are on a weekend), the next time |
| # shift will be the next weekend. |
| # |
| # From Milamber (2021-03-31, 2022-03-10): |
| # https://www.mmsp.gov.ma/fr/actualites.aspx?id=2076 |
| # https://www.ecoactu.ma/horaires-administration-ramadan-gmtheure-gmt-a-partir-de-dimanche-27-mars/ |
| # |
| # From Milamber (2023-03-14, 2023-03-15): |
| # The return to legal GMT time will take place this Sunday, March 19 at 3 a.m. |
| # ... the return to GMT+1 will be made on Sunday April 23, 2023 at 2 a.m. |
| # https://www.mmsp.gov.ma/fr/actualites/passage-à-l%E2%80%99heure-gmt-à-partir-du-dimanche-19-mars-2023 |
| # |
| # From Paul Eggert (2023-03-14): |
| # For now, guess that in the future Morocco will fall back at 03:00 |
| # the last Sunday before Ramadan, and spring forward at 02:00 the |
| # first Sunday after one day after Ramadan. To implement this, |
| # transition dates and times for 2019 through 2087 were determined by |
| # running the following program under GNU Emacs 28.2. (This algorithm |
| # also produces the correct transition dates for 2016 through 2018, |
| # though the times differ due to Morocco's time zone change in 2018.) |
| # (let ((islamic-year 1440)) |
| # (require 'cal-islam) |
| # (while (< islamic-year 1511) |
| # (let ((a (calendar-islamic-to-absolute (list 9 1 islamic-year))) |
| # (b (+ 1 (calendar-islamic-to-absolute (list 10 1 islamic-year)))) |
| # (sunday 0)) |
| # (while (/= sunday (mod (setq a (1- a)) 7))) |
| # (while (/= sunday (mod b 7)) |
| # (setq b (1+ b))) |
| # (setq a (calendar-gregorian-from-absolute a)) |
| # (setq b (calendar-gregorian-from-absolute b)) |
| # (insert |
| # (format |
| # (concat "Rule\tMorocco\t%d\tonly\t-\t%s\t%2d\t 3:00\t-1:00\t-\n" |
| # "Rule\tMorocco\t%d\tonly\t-\t%s\t%2d\t 2:00\t0\t-\n") |
| # (car (cdr (cdr a))) (calendar-month-name (car a) t) (car (cdr a)) |
| # (car (cdr (cdr b))) (calendar-month-name (car b) t) (car (cdr b))))) |
| # (setq islamic-year (+ 1 islamic-year)))) |
| |
| # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S |
| Rule Morocco 1939 only - Sep 12 0:00 1:00 - |
| Rule Morocco 1939 only - Nov 19 0:00 0 - |
| Rule Morocco 1940 only - Feb 25 0:00 1:00 - |
| Rule Morocco 1945 only - Nov 18 0:00 0 - |
| Rule Morocco 1950 only - Jun 11 0:00 1:00 - |
| Rule Morocco 1950 only - Oct 29 0:00 0 - |
| Rule Morocco 1967 only - Jun 3 12:00 1:00 - |
| Rule Morocco 1967 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - |
| Rule Morocco 1974 only - Jun 24 0:00 1:00 - |
| Rule Morocco 1974 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 - |
| Rule Morocco 1976 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 - |
| Rule Morocco 1976 only - Aug 1 0:00 0 - |
| Rule Morocco 1977 only - Sep 28 0:00 0 - |
| Rule Morocco 1978 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 - |
| Rule Morocco 1978 only - Aug 4 0:00 0 - |
| Rule Morocco 2008 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 - |
| Rule Morocco 2008 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 - |
| Rule Morocco 2009 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 - |
| Rule Morocco 2009 only - Aug 21 0:00 0 - |
| Rule Morocco 2010 only - May 2 0:00 1:00 - |
| Rule Morocco 2010 only - Aug 8 0:00 0 - |
| Rule Morocco 2011 only - Apr 3 0:00 1:00 - |
| Rule Morocco 2011 only - Jul 31 0:00 0 - |
| Rule Morocco 2012 2013 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 - |
| Rule Morocco 2012 only - Jul 20 3:00 0 - |
| Rule Morocco 2012 only - Aug 20 2:00 1:00 - |
| Rule Morocco 2012 only - Sep 30 3:00 0 - |
| Rule Morocco 2013 only - Jul 7 3:00 0 - |
| Rule Morocco 2013 only - Aug 10 2:00 1:00 - |
| Rule Morocco 2013 2018 - Oct lastSun 3:00 0 - |
| Rule Morocco 2014 2018 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 - |
| Rule Morocco 2014 only - Jun 28 3:00 0 - |
| Rule Morocco 2014 only - Aug 2 2:00 1:00 - |
| Rule Morocco 2015 only - Jun 14 3:00 0 - |
| Rule Morocco 2015 only - Jul 19 2:00 1:00 - |
| Rule Morocco 2016 only - Jun 5 3:00 0 - |
| Rule Morocco 2016 only - Jul 10 2:00 1:00 - |
| Rule Morocco 2017 only - May 21 3:00 0 - |
| Rule Morocco 2017 only - Jul 2 2:00 1:00 - |
| Rule Morocco 2018 only - May 13 3:00 0 - |
| Rule Morocco 2018 only - Jun 17 2:00 1:00 - |
| Rule Morocco 2019 only - May 5 3:00 -1:00 - |
| Rule Morocco 2019 only - Jun 9 2:00 0 - |
| Rule Morocco 2020 only - Apr 19 3:00 -1:00 - |
| Rule Morocco 2020 only - May 31 2:00 0 - |
| Rule Morocco 2021 only - Apr 11 3:00 -1:00 - |
| Rule Morocco 2021 only - May 16 2:00 0 - |
| Rule Morocco 2022 only - Mar 27 3:00 -1:00 - |
| Rule Morocco 2022 only - May 8 2:00 0 - |
| Rule Morocco 2023 only - Mar 19 3:00 -1:00 - |
| Rule Morocco 2023 only - Apr 23 2:00 0 - |
| Rule Morocco 2024 only - Mar 10 3:00 -1:00 - |
| Rule Morocco 2024 only - Apr 14 2:00 0 - |
| Rule Morocco 2025 only - Feb 23 3:00 -1:00 - |
| Rule Morocco 2025 only - Apr 6 2:00 0 - |
| Rule Morocco 2026 only - Feb 15 3:00 -1:00 - |
| Rule Morocco 2026 only - Mar 22 2:00 0 - |
| Rule Morocco 2027 only - Feb 7 3:00 -1:00 - |
| Rule Morocco 2027 only - Mar 14 2:00 0 - |
| Rule Morocco 2028 only - Jan 23 3:00 -1:00 - |
| Rule Morocco 2028 only - Mar 5 2:00 0 - |
| Rule Morocco 2029 only - Jan 14 3:00 -1:00 - |
| Rule Morocco 2029 only - Feb 18 2:00 0 - |
| Rule Morocco 2029 only - Dec 30 3:00 -1:00 - |
| Rule Morocco 2030 only - Feb 10 2:00 0 - |
| Rule Morocco 2030 only - Dec 22 3:00 -1:00 - |
| Rule Morocco 2031 only - Jan 26 2:00 0 - |
| Rule Morocco 2031 only - Dec 14 3:00 -1:00 - |
| Rule Morocco 2032 only - Jan 18 2:00 0 - |
| Rule Morocco 2032 only - Nov 28 3:00 -1:00 - |
| Rule Morocco 2033 only - Jan 9 2:00 0 - |
| Rule Morocco 2033 only - Nov 20 3:00 -1:00 - |
| Rule Morocco 2033 only - Dec 25 2:00 0 - |
| Rule Morocco 2034 only - Nov 5 3:00 -1:00 - |
| Rule Morocco 2034 only - Dec 17 2:00 0 - |
| Rule Morocco 2035 only - Oct 28 3:00 -1:00 - |
| Rule Morocco 2035 only - Dec 9 2:00 0 - |
| Rule Morocco 2036 only - Oct 19 3:00 -1:00 - |
| Rule Morocco 2036 only - Nov 23 2:00 0 - |
| Rule Morocco 2037 only - Oct 4 3:00 -1:00 - |
| Rule Morocco 2037 only - Nov 15 2:00 0 - |
| Rule Morocco 2038 only - Sep 26 3:00 -1:00 - |
| Rule Morocco 2038 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 - |
| Rule Morocco 2039 only - Sep 18 3:00 -1:00 - |
| Rule Morocco 2039 only - Oct 23 2:00 0 - |
| Rule Morocco 2040 only - Sep 2 3:00 -1:00 - |
| Rule Morocco 2040 only - Oct 14 2:00 0 - |
| Rule Morocco 2041 only - Aug 25 3:00 -1:00 - |
| Rule Morocco 2041 only - Sep 29 2:00 0 - |
| Rule Morocco 2042 only - Aug 10 3:00 -1:00 - |
| Rule Morocco 2042 only - Sep 21 2:00 0 - |
| Rule Morocco 2043 only - Aug 2 3:00 -1:00 - |
| Rule Morocco 2043 only - Sep 13 2:00 0 - |
| Rule Morocco 2044 only - Jul 24 3:00 -1:00 - |
| Rule Morocco 2044 only - Aug 28 2:00 0 - |
| Rule Morocco 2045 only - Jul 9 3:00 -1:00 - |
| Rule Morocco 2045 only - Aug 20 2:00 0 - |
| Rule Morocco 2046 only - Jul 1 3:00 -1:00 - |
| Rule Morocco 2046 only - Aug 5 2:00 0 - |
| Rule Morocco 2047 only - Jun 23 3:00 -1:00 - |
| Rule Morocco 2047 only - Jul 28 2:00 0 - |
| Rule Morocco 2048 only - Jun 7 3:00 -1:00 - |
| Rule Morocco 2048 only - Jul 19 2:00 0 - |
| Rule Morocco 2049 only - May 30 3:00 -1:00 - |
| Rule Morocco 2049 only - Jul 4 2:00 0 - |
| Rule Morocco 2050 only - May 15 3:00 -1:00 - |
| Rule Morocco 2050 only - Jun 26 2:00 0 - |
| Rule Morocco 2051 only - May 7 3:00 -1:00 - |
| Rule Morocco 2051 only - Jun 18 2:00 0 - |
| Rule Morocco 2052 only - Apr 28 3:00 -1:00 - |
| Rule Morocco 2052 only - Jun 2 2:00 0 - |
| Rule Morocco 2053 only - Apr 13 3:00 -1:00 - |
| Rule Morocco 2053 only - May 25 2:00 0 - |
| Rule Morocco 2054 only - Apr 5 3:00 -1:00 - |
| Rule Morocco 2054 only - May 10 2:00 0 - |
| Rule Morocco 2055 only - Mar 28 3:00 -1:00 - |
| Rule Morocco 2055 only - May 2 2:00 0 - |
| Rule Morocco 2056 only - Mar 12 3:00 -1:00 - |
| Rule Morocco 2056 only - Apr 23 2:00 0 - |
| Rule Morocco 2057 only - Mar 4 3:00 -1:00 - |
| Rule Morocco 2057 only - Apr 8 2:00 0 - |
| Rule Morocco 2058 only - Feb 17 3:00 -1:00 - |
| Rule Morocco 2058 only - Mar 31 2:00 0 - |
| Rule Morocco 2059 only - Feb 9 3:00 -1:00 - |
| Rule Morocco 2059 only - Mar 23 2:00 0 - |
| Rule Morocco 2060 only - Feb 1 3:00 -1:00 - |
| Rule Morocco 2060 only - Mar 7 2:00 0 - |
| Rule Morocco 2061 only - Jan 16 3:00 -1:00 - |
| Rule Morocco 2061 only - Feb 27 2:00 0 - |
| Rule Morocco 2062 only - Jan 8 3:00 -1:00 - |
| Rule Morocco 2062 only - Feb 12 2:00 0 - |
| Rule Morocco 2062 only - Dec 31 3:00 -1:00 - |
| Rule Morocco 2063 only - Feb 4 2:00 0 - |
| Rule Morocco 2063 only - Dec 16 3:00 -1:00 - |
| Rule Morocco 2064 only - Jan 27 2:00 0 - |
| Rule Morocco 2064 only - Dec 7 3:00 -1:00 - |
| Rule Morocco 2065 only - Jan 11 2:00 0 - |
| Rule Morocco 2065 only - Nov 22 3:00 -1:00 - |
| Rule Morocco 2066 only - Jan 3 2:00 0 - |
| Rule Morocco 2066 only - Nov 14 3:00 -1:00 - |
| Rule Morocco 2066 only - Dec 26 2:00 0 - |
| Rule Morocco 2067 only - Nov 6 3:00 -1:00 - |
| Rule Morocco 2067 only - Dec 11 2:00 0 - |
| Rule Morocco 2068 only - Oct 21 3:00 -1:00 - |
| Rule Morocco 2068 only - Dec 2 2:00 0 - |
| Rule Morocco 2069 only - Oct 13 3:00 -1:00 - |
| Rule Morocco 2069 only - Nov 17 2:00 0 - |
| Rule Morocco 2070 only - Oct 5 3:00 -1:00 - |
| Rule Morocco 2070 only - Nov 9 2:00 0 - |
| Rule Morocco 2071 only - Sep 20 3:00 -1:00 - |
| Rule Morocco 2071 only - Nov 1 2:00 0 - |
| Rule Morocco 2072 only - Sep 11 3:00 -1:00 - |
| Rule Morocco 2072 only - Oct 16 2:00 0 - |
| Rule Morocco 2073 only - Aug 27 3:00 -1:00 - |
| Rule Morocco 2073 only - Oct 8 2:00 0 - |
| Rule Morocco 2074 only - Aug 19 3:00 -1:00 - |
| Rule Morocco 2074 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 - |
| Rule Morocco 2075 only - Aug 11 3:00 -1:00 - |
| Rule Morocco 2075 only - Sep 15 2:00 0 - |
| Rule Morocco 2076 only - Jul 26 3:00 -1:00 - |
| Rule Morocco 2076 only - Sep 6 2:00 0 - |
| Rule Morocco 2077 only - Jul 18 3:00 -1:00 - |
| Rule Morocco 2077 only - Aug 22 2:00 0 - |
| Rule Morocco 2078 only - Jul 10 3:00 -1:00 - |
| Rule Morocco 2078 only - Aug 14 2:00 0 - |
| Rule Morocco 2079 only - Jun 25 3:00 -1:00 - |
| Rule Morocco 2079 only - Aug 6 2:00 0 - |
| Rule Morocco 2080 only - Jun 16 3:00 -1:00 - |
| Rule Morocco 2080 only - Jul 21 2:00 0 - |
| Rule Morocco 2081 only - Jun 1 3:00 -1:00 - |
| Rule Morocco 2081 only - Jul 13 2:00 0 - |
| Rule Morocco 2082 only - May 24 3:00 -1:00 - |
| Rule Morocco 2082 only - Jun 28 2:00 0 - |
| Rule Morocco 2083 only - May 16 3:00 -1:00 - |
| Rule Morocco 2083 only - Jun 20 2:00 0 - |
| Rule Morocco 2084 only - Apr 30 3:00 -1:00 - |
| Rule Morocco 2084 only - Jun 11 2:00 0 - |
| Rule Morocco 2085 only - Apr 22 3:00 -1:00 - |
| Rule Morocco 2085 only - May 27 2:00 0 - |
| Rule Morocco 2086 only - Apr 14 3:00 -1:00 - |
| Rule Morocco 2086 only - May 19 2:00 0 - |
| Rule Morocco 2087 only - Mar 30 3:00 -1:00 - |
| Rule Morocco 2087 only - May 11 2:00 0 - |
| # For dates after the somewhat-arbitrary cutoff of 2087, assume that |
| # Morocco will no longer observe DST. At some point this table will |
| # need to be extended, though quite possibly Morocco will change the |
| # rules first. |
| |
| # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] |
| Zone Africa/Casablanca -0:30:20 - LMT 1913 Oct 26 |
| 0:00 Morocco %z 1984 Mar 16 |
| 1:00 - %z 1986 |
| 0:00 Morocco %z 2018 Oct 28 3:00 |
| 1:00 Morocco %z |
| |
| # Western Sahara |
| # |
| # From Gwillim Law (2013-10-22): |
| # A correspondent who is usually well informed about time zone matters |
| # ... says that Western Sahara observes daylight saving time, just as |
| # Morocco does. |
| # |
| # From Paul Eggert (2013-10-23): |
| # Assume that this has been true since Western Sahara switched to GMT, |
| # since most of it was then controlled by Morocco. |
| |
| Zone Africa/El_Aaiun -0:52:48 - LMT 1934 Jan # El Aaiún |
| -1:00 - %z 1976 Apr 14 |
| 0:00 Morocco %z 2018 Oct 28 3:00 |
| 1:00 Morocco %z |
| |
| # Botswana |
| # Burundi |
| # Democratic Republic of the Congo (eastern) |
| # Malawi |
| # Mozambique |
| # Rwanda |
| # Zambia |
| # Zimbabwe |
| # |
| # From Tim Parenti (2024-07-01): |
| # For timestamps before Mozambique's independence, see commentary for |
| # Europe/Lisbon. |
| # |
| # From Paul Eggert (2024-05-24): |
| # The London Gazette, 1903-04-03, page 2245, says that |
| # as of 1903-03-03 a time ball at the port of Lourenço Marques |
| # (as Maputo was then called) was dropped daily at 13:00:00 LMT, |
| # corresponding to 22:49:41.7 GMT, so local time was +02:10:18.3. |
| # Conversely, the newspaper South Africa, 1909-02-09, page 321, |
| # says the port had just installed an apparatus that communicated |
| # "from the controlling clock in the new Observatory at Reuben Point ... |
| # exact mean South African time, i.e., 30 deg., or 2 hours East of Greenwich". |
| # Although Shanks gives 1903-03-01 for the transition to CAT, |
| # evidently the port transitioned to CAT after 1903-03-03 but before |
| # the Portuguese legal transition of 1912-01-01 (see Europe/Lisbon commentary). |
| # For lack of better info, list 1909 as the transition date. |
| # |
| # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] |
| #STDOFF 2:10:18.3 |
| Zone Africa/Maputo 2:10:18 - LMT 1909 |
| 2:00 - CAT |
| |
| # Namibia |
| |
| # From Arthur David Olson (2017-08-09): |
| # The text of the "Namibia Time Act, 1994" is available online at |
| # www.lac.org.na/laws/1994/811.pdf |
| # and includes this nugget: |
| # Notwithstanding the provisions of subsection (2) of section 1, the |
| # first winter period after the commencement of this Act shall |
| # commence at OOhOO on Monday 21 March 1994 and shall end at 02h00 on |
| # Sunday 4 September 1994. |
| |
| # From Michael Deckers (2017-04-06): |
| # ... both summer and winter time are called "standard" |
| # (which differs from the use in Ireland) ... |
| |
| # From Petronella Sibeene (2007-03-30): |
| # http://allafrica.com/stories/200703300178.html |
| # While the entire country changes its time, Katima Mulilo and other |
| # settlements in Caprivi unofficially will not because the sun there |
| # rises and sets earlier compared to other regions. Chief of |
| # Forecasting Riaan van Zyl explained that the far eastern parts of |
| # the country are close to 40 minutes earlier in sunrise than the rest |
| # of the country. |
| # |
| # From Paul Eggert (2017-02-22): |
| # Although the Zambezi Region (formerly known as Caprivi) informally |
| # observes Botswana time, we have no details about historical practice. |
| # In the meantime people there can use Africa/Gaborone. |
| # See: Immanuel S. The Namibian. 2017-02-23. |
| # https://www.namibian.com.na/51480/read/Time-change-divides-lawmakers |
| |
| # From Steffen Thorsen (2017-08-09): |
| # Namibia is going to change their time zone to what is now their DST: |
| # https://www.newera.com.na/2017/02/23/namibias-winter-time-might-be-repealed/ |
| # This video is from the government decision: |
| # https://www.nbc.na/news/na-passes-namibia-time-bill-repealing-1994-namibia-time-act.8665 |
| # We have made the assumption so far that they will change their time zone at |
| # the same time they would normally start DST, the first Sunday in September: |
| # https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/namibia-new-time-zone.html |
| |
| # From Paul Eggert (2017-04-09): |
| # Before the change, summer and winter time were both standard time legally. |
| # However in common parlance, winter time was considered to be DST. See, e.g.: |
| # http://www.nbc.na/news/namibias-winter-time-could-be-scrapped.2706 |
| # https://zone.my.na/news/times-are-changing-in-namibia |
| # https://www.newera.com.na/2017/02/23/namibias-winter-time-might-be-repealed/ |
| # Use plain "WAT" and "CAT" for the time zone abbreviations, to be compatible |
| # with Namibia's neighbors. |
| |
| # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S |
| # Vanguard section, for zic and other parsers that support negative DST. |
| Rule Namibia 1994 only - Mar 21 0:00 -1:00 WAT |
| Rule Namibia 1994 2017 - Sep Sun>=1 2:00 0 CAT |
| Rule Namibia 1995 2017 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 -1:00 WAT |
| # Rearguard section, for parsers lacking negative DST; see ziguard.awk. |
| #Rule Namibia 1994 only - Mar 21 0:00 0 WAT |
| #Rule Namibia 1994 2017 - Sep Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 CAT |
| #Rule Namibia 1995 2017 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 0 WAT |
| # End of rearguard section. |
| |
| # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] |
| Zone Africa/Windhoek 1:08:24 - LMT 1892 Feb 8 |
| 1:30 - %z 1903 Mar |
| 2:00 - SAST 1942 Sep 20 2:00 |
| 2:00 1:00 SAST 1943 Mar 21 2:00 |
| 2:00 - SAST 1990 Mar 21 # independence |
| # Vanguard section, for zic and other parsers that support negative DST. |
| 2:00 Namibia %s |
| # Rearguard section, for parsers lacking negative DST; see ziguard.awk. |
| # 2:00 - CAT 1994 Mar 21 0:00 |
| # From Paul Eggert (2017-04-07): |
| # The official date of the 2017 rule change was 2017-10-24. See: |
| # http://www.lac.org.na/laws/annoSTAT/Namibian%20Time%20Act%209%20of%202017.pdf |
| # 1:00 Namibia %s 2017 Oct 24 |
| # 2:00 - CAT |
| # End of rearguard section. |
| |
| |
| # Angola |
| # Benin |
| # Cameroon |
| # Central African Republic |
| # Democratic Republic of the Congo (western) |
| # Republic of the Congo |
| # Equatorial Guinea |
| # Gabon |
| # Niger |
| # Nigeria |
| |
| # From P Chan (2020-12-03): |
| # GMT was adopted as the standard time of Lagos on 1905-07-01. |
| # Lagos Weekly Record, 1905-06-24, p 3 |
| # http://ddsnext.crl.edu/titles/31558#?c=0&m=668&s=0&cv=2&r=0&xywh=1446,5221,1931,1235 |
| # says "It is officially notified that on and after the 1st of July 1905 |
| # Greenwich Mean Solar Time will be adopted throughout the Colony and |
| # Protectorate, and that it will be necessary to put all clocks 13 minutes and |
| # 35 seconds back, recording local mean time." |
| # |
| # It seemed that Lagos returned to LMT on 1908-07-01. |
| # [The Lagos Standard], 1908-07-01, p 5 |
| # http://ddsnext.crl.edu/titles/31556#?c=0&m=78&s=0&cv=4&r=0&xywh=-92,3590,3944,2523 |
| # says "Scarcely have the people become accustomed to this new time, when |
| # another official notice has now appeared announcing that from and after the |
| # 1st July next, return will be made to local mean time." |
| # |
| # From P Chan (2020-11-27): |
| # On 1914-01-01, standard time of GMT+0:30 was adopted for the unified Nigeria. |
| # Colonial Reports - Annual. No. 878. Nigeria. Report for 1914. (April 1916), |
| # p 27 |
| # https://libsysdigi.library.illinois.edu/ilharvest/Africana/Books2011-05/3064634/3064634_1914/3064634_1914_opt.pdf#page=27 |
| # "On January 1st [1914], a universal standard time for Nigeria was adopted, |
| # viz., half an hour fast on Greenwich mean time, corresponding to the meridian |
| # 7° 30' E. long." |
| # Lloyd's Register of Shipping (1915) says "Hitherto the time observed in Lagos |
| # was the local mean time. On 1st January, 1914, standard time for the whole of |
| # Nigeria was introduced ... Lagos time has been advanced about 16 minutes |
| # accordingly." |
| # |
| # In 1919, standard time was changed to GMT+1. |
| # Interpretation Ordinance (Cap 2) |
| # The Laws of Nigeria, Containing the Ordinances of Nigeria, in Force on the |
| # 1st Day of January, 1923, Vol.I [p 16] |
| # https://books.google.com/books?id=BOMrAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA16 |
| # "The expression 'Standard time' means standard time as used in Nigeria: |
| # namely, 60 minutes in advance of Greenwich mean time. (As amended by 18 of |
| # 1919, s. 2.)" |
| # From Tim Parenti (2020-12-10): |
| # The Lagos Weekly Record, 1919-09-20, p 3 details discussion on the first |
| # reading of this Bill by the Legislative Council of the Colony of Nigeria on |
| # Thursday 1919-08-28: |
| # http://ddsnext.crl.edu/titles/31558?terms&item_id=303484#?m=1118&c=1&s=0&cv=2&r=0&xywh=1261,3408,2994,1915 |
| # "The proposal is that the Globe should be divided into twelve zones East and |
| # West of Greenwich, of one hour each, Nigeria falling into the zone with a |
| # standard of one hour fast on Greenwich Mean Time. Nigeria standard time is |
| # now 30 minutes in advance of Greenwich Mean Time ... according to the new |
| # proposal, standard time will be advanced another 30 minutes". It was further |
| # proposed that the firing of the time guns likewise be adjusted by 30 minutes |
| # to compensate. |
| # From Tim Parenti (2020-12-10), per P Chan (2020-12-11): |
| # The text of Ordinance 18 of 1919, published in Nigeria Gazette, Vol 6, No 52, |
| # shows that the change was assented to the following day and took effect "on |
| # the 1st day of September, 1919." |
| # Nigeria Gazette and Supplements 1919 Jan-Dec, Reference: 73266B-40, |
| # img 245-246 |
| # https://microform.digital/boa/collections/77/volumes/539/nigeria-lagos-1887-1919 |
| |
| # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] |
| Zone Africa/Lagos 0:13:35 - LMT 1905 Jul 1 |
| 0:00 - GMT 1908 Jul 1 |
| 0:13:35 - LMT 1914 Jan 1 |
| 0:30 - %z 1919 Sep 1 |
| 1:00 - WAT |
| |
| # São Tomé and Príncipe |
| |
| # See Europe/Lisbon for info about the 1912 transition. |
| |
| # From Steffen Thorsen (2018-01-08): |
| # Multiple sources tell that São Tomé changed from UTC to UTC+1 as |
| # they entered the year 2018. |
| # From Michael Deckers (2018-01-08): |
| # the switch is from 01:00 to 02:00 ... [Decree No. 25/2017] |
| # http://www.mnec.gov.st/index.php/publicacoes/documentos/file/90-decreto-lei-n-25-2017 |
| |
| # From Vadim Nasardinov (2018-12-29): |
| # São Tomé and Príncipe is about to do the following on Jan 1, 2019: |
| # https://www.stp-press.st/2018/12/05/governo-jesus-ja-decidiu-repor-hora-legal-sao-tomense/ |
| # |
| # From Michael Deckers (2018-12-30): |
| # https://www.legis-palop.org/download.jsp?idFile=102818 |
| # ... [The legal time of the country, which coincides with universal |
| # coordinated time, will be reinstituted at 2 o'clock on day 1 of January, 2019.] |
| |
| Zone Africa/Sao_Tome 0:26:56 - LMT 1884 |
| #STDOFF -0:36:44.68 |
| -0:36:45 - LMT 1912 Jan 1 00:00u # Lisbon MT |
| 0:00 - GMT 2018 Jan 1 01:00 |
| 1:00 - WAT 2019 Jan 1 02:00 |
| 0:00 - GMT |
| |
| # Eswatini (Swaziland) |
| # Lesotho |
| # South Africa |
| |
| # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S |
| Rule SA 1942 1943 - Sep Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 - |
| Rule SA 1943 1944 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00 0 - |
| # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] |
| Zone Africa/Johannesburg 1:52:00 - LMT 1892 Feb 8 |
| 1:30 - SAST 1903 Mar |
| 2:00 SA SAST |
| # |
| # Marion and Prince Edward Is |
| # scientific station since 1947 |
| # no information |
| |
| # Sudan |
| |
| # From <http://www.sunanews.net/sn13jane.html> |
| # Sudan News Agency (2000-01-13), |
| # also reported by Michaël De Beukelaer-Dossche via Steffen Thorsen: |
| # Clocks will be moved ahead for 60 minutes all over the Sudan as of noon |
| # Saturday.... This was announced Thursday by Caretaker State Minister for |
| # Manpower Abdul-Rahman Nur-Eddin. |
| |
| # From Ahmed Atyya, National Telecommunications Corp. (NTC), Sudan (2017-10-17): |
| # ... the Republic of Sudan is going to change the time zone from (GMT+3:00) |
| # to (GMT+ 2:00) starting from Wednesday 1 November 2017. |
| # |
| # From Paul Eggert (2017-10-18): |
| # A scanned copy (in Arabic) of Cabinet Resolution No. 352 for the |
| # year 2017 can be found as an attachment in email today from Yahia |
| # Abdalla of NTC, archived at: |
| # https://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2017-October/025333.html |
| |
| # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S |
| Rule Sudan 1970 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S |
| Rule Sudan 1970 1985 - Oct 15 0:00 0 - |
| Rule Sudan 1971 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S |
| Rule Sudan 1972 1985 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 S |
| # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] |
| Zone Africa/Khartoum 2:10:08 - LMT 1931 |
| 2:00 Sudan CA%sT 2000 Jan 15 12:00 |
| 3:00 - EAT 2017 Nov 1 |
| 2:00 - CAT |
| |
| # South Sudan |
| |
| # From Steffen Thorsen (2021-01-18): |
| # "South Sudan will change its time zone by setting the clock back 1 |
| # hour on February 1, 2021...." |
| # from https://eyeradio.org/south-sudan-adopts-new-time-zone-makuei/ |
| |
| # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] |
| Zone Africa/Juba 2:06:28 - LMT 1931 |
| 2:00 Sudan CA%sT 2000 Jan 15 12:00 |
| 3:00 - EAT 2021 Feb 1 00:00 |
| 2:00 - CAT |
| |
| # Tunisia |
| |
| # From Gwillim Law (2005-04-30): |
| # My correspondent, Risto Nykänen, has alerted me to another adoption of DST, |
| # this time in Tunisia. According to Yahoo France News |
| # <http://fr.news.yahoo.com/050426/5/4dumk.html>, in a story attributed to AP |
| # and dated 2005-04-26, "Tunisia has decided to advance its official time by |
| # one hour, starting on Sunday, May 1. Henceforth, Tunisian time will be |
| # UTC+2 instead of UTC+1. The change will take place at 23:00 UTC next |
| # Saturday." (My translation) |
| # |
| # From Oscar van Vlijmen (2005-05-02): |
| # La Presse, the first national daily newspaper ... |
| # http://www.lapresse.tn/archives/archives280405/actualites/lheure.html |
| # ... DST for 2005: on: Sun May 1 0h standard time, off: Fri Sept. 30, |
| # 1h standard time. |
| # |
| # From Atef Loukil (2006-03-28): |
| # The daylight saving time will be the same each year: |
| # Beginning : the last Sunday of March at 02:00 |
| # Ending : the last Sunday of October at 03:00 ... |
| # http://www.tap.info.tn/en/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1188&Itemid=50 |
| |
| # From Steffen Thorsen (2009-03-16): |
| # According to several news sources, Tunisia will not observe DST this year. |
| # (Arabic) |
| # http://www.elbashayer.com/?page=viewn&nid=42546 |
| # https://www.babnet.net/kiwidetail-15295.asp |
| # |
| # We have also confirmed this with the US embassy in Tunisia. |
| # We have a wrap-up about this on the following page: |
| # https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/tunisia-cancels-dst-2009.html |
| |
| # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-17): |
| # Here is a link to Tunis Afrique Presse News Agency |
| # |
| # Standard time to be kept the whole year long (tap.info.tn): |
| # |
| # (in English) |
| # http://www.tap.info.tn/en/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=26813&Itemid=157 |
| # |
| # (in Arabic) |
| # http://www.tap.info.tn/ar/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=61240&Itemid=1 |
| |
| # From Arthur David Olson (2009-03-18): |
| # The Tunis Afrique Presse News Agency notice contains this: "This measure is |
| # due to the fact that the fasting month of Ramadan coincides with the period |
| # concerned by summer time. Therefore, the standard time will be kept |
| # unchanged the whole year long." So foregoing DST seems to be an exception |
| # (albeit one that may be repeated in the future). |
| |
| # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-03-27): |
| # According to some news reports Tunis confirmed not to use DST in 2010 |
| # |
| # (translation): |
| # "The Tunisian government has decided to abandon DST, which was scheduled on |
| # Sunday... |
| # Tunisian authorities had suspended the DST for the first time last year also |
| # coincided with the month of Ramadan..." |
| # |
| # (in Arabic) |
| # http://www.moheet.com/show_news.aspx?nid=358861&pg=1 |
| # http://www.almadenahnews.com/newss/news.php?c=118&id=38036 |
| # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_tunis02.html |
| |
| # Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S |
| Rule Tunisia 1939 only - Apr 15 23:00s 1:00 S |
| Rule Tunisia 1939 only - Nov 18 23:00s 0 - |
| Rule Tunisia 1940 only - Feb 25 23:00s 1:00 S |
| Rule Tunisia 1941 only - Oct 6 0:00 0 - |
| Rule Tunisia 1942 only - Mar 9 0:00 1:00 S |
| Rule Tunisia 1942 only - Nov 2 3:00 0 - |
| Rule Tunisia 1943 only - Mar 29 2:00 1:00 S |
| Rule Tunisia 1943 only - Apr 17 2:00 0 - |
| Rule Tunisia 1943 only - Apr 25 2:00 1:00 S |
| Rule Tunisia 1943 only - Oct 4 2:00 0 - |
| Rule Tunisia 1944 1945 - Apr Mon>=1 2:00 1:00 S |
| Rule Tunisia 1944 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 - |
| Rule Tunisia 1945 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 - |
| Rule Tunisia 1977 only - Apr 30 0:00s 1:00 S |
| Rule Tunisia 1977 only - Sep 24 0:00s 0 - |
| Rule Tunisia 1978 only - May 1 0:00s 1:00 S |
| Rule Tunisia 1978 only - Oct 1 0:00s 0 - |
| Rule Tunisia 1988 only - Jun 1 0:00s 1:00 S |
| Rule Tunisia 1988 1990 - Sep lastSun 0:00s 0 - |
| Rule Tunisia 1989 only - Mar 26 0:00s 1:00 S |
| Rule Tunisia 1990 only - May 1 0:00s 1:00 S |
| Rule Tunisia 2005 only - May 1 0:00s 1:00 S |
| Rule Tunisia 2005 only - Sep 30 1:00s 0 - |
| Rule Tunisia 2006 2008 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S |
| Rule Tunisia 2006 2008 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 - |
| |
| # See Europe/Paris commentary for PMT-related transitions. |
| # Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] |
| Zone Africa/Tunis 0:40:44 - LMT 1881 May 12 |
| 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time |
| 1:00 Tunisia CE%sT |
